Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-82

In our solar system, most planets spin like tops as they orbit the Sun. However, the planet Uranus (21) __________ differently. While others have a vertical or slightly tilted axis, Uranus is unique. It orbits the Sun while spinning on its side, almost like a rolling ball. This strange orientation has puzzled astronomers for a long time, leading them to investigate its mysterious past.

The leading theory that scientists use to explain this unusual tilt is called the 'giant impact hypothesis.' It is thought that long ago, when the solar system was still forming, a massive object, possibly the size of Earth, collided violently with the young planet. This theory provides the most plausible explanation for the planet's current state.

Due to the immense force of this collision, Uranus was effectively knocked over. The energy from the impact was so great, (22) __________ its axis to tilt by an extreme 98 degrees. One astronomer explained that the planet's rotational direction (23) __________ as a result of the impact as well. This single, catastrophic event reshaped the planet’s future forever.

This extreme tilt has dramatic consequences for Uranus's climate. The planet's poles experience 42 years of continuous sunlight, followed by 42 years of darkness. Understanding these strange seasons is a challenge that scientists have had to look into for decades. The planet's unique characteristics mean that studying it is a whole new ball game.

Today, the giant impact hypothesis remains the most widely accepted explanation for Uranus’s sideways spin. It highlights how violent events in the early solar system shaped the planets we see today. If that ancient collision (24) __________, Uranus would probably spin upright, much like its neighbor, Saturn.

In many societies globally, "third places"—environments distinct from home or work—are crucial for social life, community building, and relaxation. These locations, historically pubs or town squares, serve as informal gathering spots, fostering interaction and a sense of belonging. The concept emphasizes accessibility, comfort, and a welcoming atmosphere, encouraging lingering and impromptu encounters. Such places become indispensable anchors in the fabric of daily life, providing neutral ground for people to connect, share ideas, and unwind, proving their vital role in supporting social well-being. [I]

In Vietnam, the coffee shop has rapidly become a prime example of such a third place. The nation boasts a booming coffee culture, extending far beyond a morning caffeine fix. From ubiquitous local chains like Highlands Coffee to thousands of unique independent cafes, these establishments are integral to the urban landscape. [II] This widespread availability and variety underscore their deep integration into Vietnamese daily life and social habits. [III]

This proliferation has transformed coffee shops into much more than just beverage spots; they've effectively become Vietnam’s new living rooms. It’s common to see students studying, professionals conducting meetings, friends chatting for hours, or families enjoying leisurely outings. Unlike a home living room, these spaces offer a semi-public yet intimate setting where people can engage in various activities without formality. They provide a relaxed atmosphere conducive to both productivity and leisure, making them versatile hubs that accommodate a wide spectrum of social and individual needs throughout the day. [IV]

For young people aged 14-15, coffee shops hold particular appeal. After school, it’s a popular ritual for friends to gather, share stories, work on projects, or simply hang out. These cafes offer a safe, affordable, comfortable environment for teens to socialize independently, away from parental supervision, yet in public. They provide vital space for building friendships, developing social skills, and exploring independence. For teens, the local coffee shop is an extension of their social world, a regular backdrop for formative experiences.

Ultimately, the rise of the coffee shop in Vietnam illustrates a fascinating evolution of social spaces. More than just commercial establishments, they function as dynamic community centers, fostering connections and supporting diverse activities for modern urban life. Their accessibility and broad appeal have cemented their role as essential third places, providing a convenient alternative to home and work. These bustling cafes have woven themselves deeply into Vietnam's social fabric, proving indispensable as vibrant living rooms that cater to everyone – from diligent students to busy professionals, and especially the nation's youth.