Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-75

When you look at the Moon, you can see that its surface is not smooth. It is covered with thousands of bowl-shaped holes called craters. These craters were not always there; they were created over billions of years by a powerful and dramatic process. Most of them were formed a very long time ago, when the solar system was young and much more chaotic than it is today.

The story of a crater begins far away in space. First, a fast-moving rock called a meteoroid (21) __________ through space, sometimes for millions of years. Eventually, its path crossed with the Moon. Because the Moon has almost no atmosphere to protect it, this meteoroid did not burn up. Instead, it continued its journey directly towards the lunar surface.

Then, the impact happened. The meteoroid hit the Moon's surface with incredible force, crashing into the ground at thousands of kilometers per hour. (22) __________, an enormous amount of energy was released in an instant. This intense energy from the impact caused tons of rock and dust to be thrown outwards from the center, creating a massive explosion that blasted a hole in the surface.

The entire event happened (23) __________, much faster than you can imagine. What was left behind was a new crater. Finally, after the explosion, the dust and ejected material that were thrown into the air settled down back onto the surface, forming a rim around the newly formed hole. Over time, more impacts created new craters, sometimes even on top of old ones.

An astronomer once explained that he thought the Moon's surface was a record of history. Each crater tells a story of a past event. If we could travel back in time, we (24) __________ see these impacts happening much more frequently. Studying these craters helps scientists understand the history of our solar system and the objects that travel within it.

The "Hallyu," or Korean Wave, has become a formidable cultural force in the 21st century, primarily through its vibrant K-pop music. This global phenomenon effortlessly transcends national borders, captivating audiences worldwide with its catchy melodies, intricate choreography, and stunning visual aesthetics. [I] Its widespread reach demonstrates how a specific cultural form can achieve unparalleled international impact, shaping diverse societies.

[II] Within Vietnam, the impact of the Korean Wave is particularly pronounced, with K-pop fostering an enormous and passionate following among its youth. This deep connection is vividly demonstrated by the remarkable success of K-pop events, such as the widely publicized, sold-out concerts for groups like BLACKPINK in Hanoi. Beyond large-scale events, K-pop's omnipresence is visible on social media and street style, reflecting its widespread adoption by Vietnamese teenagers. For many, it's a significant part of their daily cultural landscape.

For Vietnamese youth, K-pop transcends entertainment; it profoundly influences their personal expression and identity. [III] The distinctive fashion of K-pop idols, from edgy streetwear to chic stage outfits, is frequently emulated, shaping trends in local fashion. Similarly, meticulous skincare routines and makeup styles popularized by Korean artists have become aspirational beauty standards, boosting demand for K-beauty products. This pervasive influence means K-pop elements are integral to the music you listen to and the styles you see every day.

While K-pop's influence is clear, its interaction with Vietnamese culture is more complex than simple imitation. Young Vietnamese fans don't just consume; they actively adapt and localize. This dynamic is evident in fan-created content, like K-pop song covers with Vietnamese lyrics or localized dance challenges. This demonstrates a fascinating blend of global trends and local creativity. Moreover, K-pop's emphasis on dedication and group cohesion often resonates with traditional Vietnamese values, bridging foreign influence with domestic cultural fabric through assimilation.

In conclusion, K-pop has undeniably become a significant force in shaping contemporary Vietnamese youth culture, extending beyond music. [IV] It represents a powerful global influence permeating local fashion, beauty standards, and even social expressions. For 14-15 year olds, this means being part of a vibrant cultural dialogue where global trends intersect and are reinterpreted through a Vietnamese lens. The ongoing popularity of K-pop highlights a dynamic process of cultural exchange, demonstrating how young people navigate diverse influences to forge their evolving identities.