Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-70

Have you ever wondered how astronauts sleep when they are orbiting the Earth? On the International Space Station (ISS), astronauts experience a very different kind of bedtime routine compared to us on Earth. The main reason is zero gravity, the condition of being weightless. This environment means that there is no "up" or "down," and everything, including people, will float if not secured. This presents unique challenges for getting a good night's rest.

Astronauts on the ISS don't sleep in regular beds. Instead, they usually use a special sleeping bag. Each crew member has their own small, personal sleeping area, which is like a small cabin. These sleeping bags are designed to be comfortable and warm. The primary purpose of the bag is not just for warmth, but also to prevent them from floating away while they are asleep and bumping into sensitive equipment.

(21) __________ they can rest safely, astronauts must attach their sleeping bags to a surface, such as a wall or a bunk. They use straps to hold the bag in place. Before they go to sleep, they have to carefully (22) __________ their sleep station. They get inside the sleeping bag, zip it up, and make sure everything is secure. Most astronauts also wear eye masks and earplugs to block out the constant noise and light on the station.

If an astronaut (23) __________ their sleeping bag, they would float around the cabin and could potentially collide with controls or other astronauts. This could be dangerous and would certainly wake them up. An astronaut once mentioned in an interview that this was a mistake you only make once. Another astronaut said that it (24) __________ the most peaceful sleep he had ever had, as there were no pressure points on his body.

Sleeping in space might sound strange, but many astronauts report sleeping very well. Without gravity pulling them down, their bodies can relax in a way that is not possible on Earth. For many, it is a unique and unforgettable part of their mission. Being able to float while you sleep is truly a once in a blue moon experience that only a few people in history have had the chance to enjoy.

The lure of free Wi-Fi is undeniable. Whether you’re grabbing a coffee, studying, or hanging out, connecting to a cafe’s complimentary internet seems like a no-brainer. It’s convenient, saves your mobile data, and keeps you connected without a second thought. From bustling city centers to quiet spots, public Wi-Fi has become an expected amenity, integral to our daily routines. But beneath this convenience lies a critical question: how secure is that "free" connection, really?

Globally, public Wi-Fi networks in airports, malls, and cafes often operate with minimal security. [I] Unlike your secure home network, these hotspots are typically unencrypted, meaning data traveling between your device and the internet is an open book. [II] Without strong protection, hackers can easily intercept your information, turning a simple browsing session into a potential data breach, exposing passwords and financial details. [III]

[IV] In Vietnam, this scenario plays out daily for millions. Popular chains like Highlands Coffee and The Coffee House, staples for many, provide readily available free Wi-Fi. As a 14 or 15-year-old, you likely use these networks at your favorite milk tea shop or cafe to scroll through TikTok or chat with friends, all while saving mobile data. This seemingly smart way to save data often masks a significant cybersecurity blind spot, making your digital presence more vulnerable.

Unsecured public Wi-Fi poses real and varied dangers. Malicious actors can set up fake Wi-Fi hotspots, tricking you into connecting to their rogue network. Once connected, they can launch "Man-in-the-Middle" attacks, eavesdropping on your online activities, stealing login credentials, or even injecting malware. For teens, this means social media accounts, gaming profiles, and personal photos could be compromised, leading to identity theft or online harassment. Your online interactions can quickly become a hacker's goldmine.

Protecting yourself requires vigilance. Always use a Virtual Private Network (VPN) on public Wi-Fi, as it encrypts your data. Avoid accessing sensitive information like online banking or shopping while connected to unsecured networks. Double-check the Wi-Fi network name, and disable automatic Wi-Fi connection on your devices. Your digital privacy is a valuable asset, especially for social media and personal information. Prioritizing security over convenience is a small step that offers huge protection in today’s interconnected world.