Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-69

The Earth's rocks are in a constant state of change. This slow and continuous process, known as the rock cycle, describes how rocks are created, broken down, and reformed over millions of years. The (21) __________ of a rock from one type to another is driven by various geological forces. The three main types of rock—igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic—are all connected through this incredible cycle, each one capable of turning into another.

The cycle often begins with igneous rock, which is formed from magma. This melted rock, or magma, can rise to the surface during a volcanic eruption, where it is called lava. As the lava cools, it (22) __________ into solid rock. Granite and basalt are common examples of igneous rocks, formed from the cooling of molten material either deep within the Earth's crust or on its surface.

Over time, weathering and erosion break down all types of rock into smaller pieces called sediments. These sediments are transported by wind and water and deposited in layers. This process, which is called lithification, gradually cements these layers together. Only through immense pressure (23) __________ these tiny particles become a single, solid rock. Sandstone and limestone are well-known types of sedimentary rock.

Any rock type, including igneous and sedimentary, can become a metamorphic rock if it is subjected to intense heat and pressure deep within the Earth. The original rock does not melt but instead its minerals undergo a transformation, changing its structure and appearance. Metamorphic rocks are often (24) __________ than the original rocks from which they were formed. For example, limestone can be transformed into marble.

Overall, the rock cycle demonstrates that rocks are not static but are constantly being changed and recycled. An igneous rock can be eroded into sediment, which forms sedimentary rock, which can then be changed by pressure into metamorphic rock, and this rock might eventually melt to become magma again. The cycle has no beginning and no end, illustrating the dynamic nature of our planet.

Movies transport us to different worlds, telling stories that make us laugh, cry, or gasp in surprise. While stunning visuals and compelling plots are essential, a powerful, often overlooked element truly makes a film resonate: its soundtrack. More than just background noise, a well-crafted musical score acts as the emotional heartbeat of a movie, guiding our feelings and deepening our connection to the characters. It’s the invisible force that can transform a good scene into an unforgettable moment, etching it into our memories long after the credits roll. [I]

Consider the iconic soundscapes by legendary composers like Hans Zimmer or John Williams. Their genius lies in crafting music that isn't merely accompaniment, but an integral part of the narrative. Zimmer's intense scores elevate sci-fi epics, making us feel vastness or urgency. Williams uses soaring melodies for heroism or subtle notes for suspense. These scores become so intertwined with films that they are instantly recognizable and capable of stirring powerful emotions, often becoming as famous as the film itself. [II]

The power of a soundtrack is vividly demonstrated in Vietnam with movies like 'Mắt Biếc'. The original songs, composed and performed by Phan Mạnh Quỳnh, became phenomenal hits that arguably rivaled the film's popularity. These tracks dominated music charts and were played everywhere, becoming anthems in their own right, long after the movie's theatrical run. [III] This phenomenon illustrates how a movie's musical score can transcend the screen, forging a deep cultural connection and ensuring the film's legacy extends far beyond its visual storytelling.

For young viewers like you, who enjoy movies and their music, understanding this connection is fascinating. Directors and composers subtly influence your feelings, often without you realizing it. A sudden shift in melody can instantly make a scene feel more dangerous, while a gentle piano tune can amplify sadness or warmth. This isn't accidental; it's a deliberate artistic choice designed to deepen your investment in the story and its characters. [IV] Next time you're watching, try to consciously notice how the music guides your experience.

In essence, a movie's soundtrack is much more than just a collection of songs; it’s a meticulously designed emotional blueprint. It provides rhythm, mood, and an often subconscious layer of meaning that enhances every visual detail. From grand orchestral works that define Hollywood blockbusters to the heartfelt ballads that resonate deeply with local audiences, music is the secret ingredient that transforms a temporary viewing experience into a lasting memory. An unforgettable soundtrack doesn't just complement a movie; it helps immortalize it, ensuring its story echoes in our hearts for years to come.