Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-62

At first glance, a screw seems incredibly simple. It is a common type of (21) __________ used to fasten materials like wood or metal together. Its main job is to hold objects securely, performing this task with remarkable efficiency. While it looks like just a nail with grooves, its design is based on the inclined plane, a fundamental engineering principle.

Imagine a ramp, or inclined plane, wrapped around a central cylinder. This helical structure is known as a thread, and it is a (22) __________ feature of any screw. The distance between each turn of the thread is called the "pitch." This winding path is key to how the screw functions as a powerful simple machine.

The genius of the screw is how it converts one motion into another. When you turn a screw, you apply rotational force. Thanks to its design, you don't have to apply a huge amount of pushing force directly. The screw changes this easy turning into a powerful, straight-line push. This allows it to enter hard materials like wood.

The threads create significant friction, helping to hold the screw firmly in place. The finer the threads, (23) __________ the grip it provides. (24) __________ simple design hide such a clever physics principle. This mechanical advantage makes the screw a strong and reliable fastener, much more secure than a nail.

Screws are essential; they play a vital role in everything from constructing furniture to assembling electronics. In conclusion, the humble screw is a perfect example of engineering genius, transforming a small rotational effort into a powerful fastening force.

Can your smartphone truly take photos as good as a professional camera? This question, once met with skepticism, now reflects incredible technological progress. Modern smartphones feature impressive optics and powerful computational photography, blurring the lines between casual snapshots and genuine artistry. In fact, "mobile photography" has blossomed into a recognized artistic genre, complete with prestigious competitions and high-profile exhibitions. These events proudly showcase stunning images captured solely on pocket-sized devices, challenging the old idea that only expensive, bulky gear delivers professional results.

So, what empowers these pocket powerhouses? Beyond high megapixel counts, it’s the sophisticated software and advanced sensors packed into thin bodies. Smartphones excel in convenience, always on hand to capture fleeting moments. Features like HDR, Night Mode, and AI enhancements automatically optimize images, often correcting lighting and exposure imbalances that would traditionally require manual adjustments. While lacking the larger sensors or interchangeable lenses of professional cameras, their computational abilities compensate significantly, making high-quality photography incredibly accessible.

This accessibility has profoundly shaped visual culture, especially in Vietnam. [I] Here, the "sống ảo" (virtual living) culture thrives, fueled almost entirely by smartphone photography. Young people meticulously craft online personas, using phone cameras to capture daily life, food, and fashion. [II] They then refine these images with popular editing apps like Ulike. The goal is not just to document, but to create a perfect online aesthetic. This phenomenon shows how smartphones are instruments for shaping and presenting reality visually, not just capturing it.

While your smartphone’s advanced features can produce stunning visuals, the true magic of photography lies not in the device, but in the person behind it. [III] Learning about composition – how elements are arranged – understanding lighting, and mastering storytelling are what truly elevate a photograph. [IV] These crucial skills transcend specific camera models, allowing photographers to convey emotion, evoke thought, or simply capture beauty effectively.

Ultimately, your smartphone camera is an incredibly powerful tool, one you already own and use daily. It offers an unparalleled opportunity to think and act like a real photographer without specialized gear. By focusing on the artistic elements – composition, light, and narrative – rather than just technical specs, you can transform everyday snaps into something truly special. So, next time you use your phone, challenge yourself not just to take a picture, but to create one, harnessing its potential to tell your unique visual story.