Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-47

When you look at skyscrapers or long bridges, you might wonder how they can be so strong. A key component behind their stability is the I-beam. While the overall design of a structure is complex, the choice of material is also critical. The I-beam is a fantastic example of smart engineering, providing incredible strength without being excessively heavy. This clever shape allows the beam (21) __________ immense weight, making it essential for modern construction.

The I-beam gets its name from its cross-section, which looks like the capital letter 'I'. An I-beam is (22) __________ two horizontal plates, known as flanges, which are at the top and bottom. These are connected by a thinner, vertical plate called the web. This specific arrangement is not accidental; it is a highly calculated design that maximizes the beam's performance under stress.

The secret to the I-beam's strength lies in how its parts work together. The flanges are far apart, which is important because this placement helps resist bending forces effectively. The top flange resists compression, while the bottom flange resists tension. The web connects these two parts and resists shear forces. By concentrating material in the flanges, engineers are creating an incredibly efficient and strong structural element.

The efficiency of the I-beam becomes clear when compared to a solid rectangular beam. If a solid rectangular beam of the same height were used, it (23) __________ significantly more material, making it heavier and more expensive. The I-beam uses material only where it is most needed, removing the less critical mass from the center. This is a perfect example of how the 'less is more' principle rings true in engineering.

Due to its shape, an I-beam, usually made of steel, provides a superior strength-to-weight ratio. An experienced architect once said that he (24) __________ I-beams in almost all of his skyscraper designs because they were so reliable and cost-effective. Ultimately, the I-beam is a fundamental building block that combines simple geometry with core engineering principles to build the world around us.

Travelers today are increasingly seeking more than just a place to sleep; they desire genuine cultural immersion. This shift has ignited a global debate: when exploring new destinations, does staying in a local's home, known as a homestay, offer a more authentic experience than a traditional hotel? While hotels provide comfort and convenience, homestays promise a deeper connection to local life. [I]

Opting for a homestay often means stepping directly into the heart of a community. Guests are not merely observers but active participants, perhaps sharing meals with their host family, learning a few local words, or discovering hidden gems only a resident would know. This close interaction fosters unique bonds and provides unparalleled insights into local customs and traditions. Unlike standardized hotel offerings, which often feel similar worldwide, each homestay provides a distinct, personalized experience, making every journey memorable for its human connections and intimate discoveries. [II]

This quest for authenticity resonates strongly in Vietnam, particularly in picturesque highland towns like Da Lat and Sa Pa. Here, the homestay industry has experienced a remarkable boom, with countless tourists choosing to bypass conventional hotels for local families. This trend, heavily amplified and promoted on platforms like Instagram, allows visitors to truly experience the culture, taste homemade cuisine, and witness daily rhythms of life in these charming areas. It’s a unique chance to live like a local, even if just for a few days, gaining a richer understanding of Vietnamese heritage. [III]

Conversely, hotels offer a different set of advantages. They typically provide predictable comfort, privacy, and a wide array of amenities such as swimming pools, restaurants, and room service. For travelers prioritizing convenience, standardized services, and a sense of detachment from the local community, hotels are often the preferred choice. They offer a secure and familiar base, allowing tourists to explore independently without the direct social obligations that can come with a homestay. The choice often boils down to whether one values consistent service over deep cultural engagement. [IV]

As you look ahead to planning your own future adventures, perhaps for a school exchange program or a backpacking trip through a new country, this decision will be crucial. Will you choose the familiar path of a hotel, or embrace the immersive journey of a homestay? Your accommodation choice isn't just about where you sleep; it fundamentally shapes how you interact with a new culture, the memories you create, and the depth of understanding you gain. Understanding these differences empowers you to tailor your travels for the most meaningful experience possible.