Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-160

How do we define a 'day'? On Earth, we think of it as 24 hours. However, the scientific definition is a bit more specific. A day on any planet is the amount of time it takes for that planet to rotate one complete time on its axis. This is known as a sidereal day. The time it takes for a planet to finish (21) __________ one full circle determines the length of its day.

Every planet spins on an imaginary line called its axis, which runs through its center from the North Pole to the South Pole. (22) __________ understand this better, imagine a spinning top. Just like the top, a planet's rotation creates the cycle of day and night. The side of the planet facing its star experiences daytime, while the opposite side is in darkness, experiencing nighttime.

Not all planets spin at the same speed. For example, Earth completes one rotation in about 24 hours. In contrast, Jupiter spins very quickly, completing a rotation in just under 10 hours. Early astronomers reported that Jupiter spun much faster than Earth. Venus, on the other hand, rotates incredibly slowly; one day on Venus is longer than its entire year!

The speed of rotation has a significant impact on a planet's climate and environment. If a planet spun very slowly, its days and nights (23) __________ extremely long. This would cause extreme temperature differences between the day and night sides. Scientists had to (24) __________ the different rotation speeds for each planet using advanced telescopes and calculations to understand these effects.

Therefore, defining a 'day' is not as simple as just saying '24 hours'. It's a fundamental concept in astronomy that depends entirely on a planet's unique rotation. Studying these differences is fascinating, and for astronomers who research celestial mechanics, it's all in a day's work.

The thought of standing in front of a group to speak can fill many with dread. This widespread apprehension, known as glossophobia, or the fear of public speaking, is surprisingly one of the most common anxieties people face globally. While it's natural to feel nervous, the ability to articulate your thoughts clearly and confidently is an indispensable skill in today's world. Whether you're sharing an idea, explaining a concept, or advocating for a cause, effective presentation skills are increasingly crucial for both academic achievement and professional success. Overcoming this fear isn't just about sounding good; it's about making your voice heard.

Traditionally, the Vietnamese education system has heavily focused on written examinations. However, a significant shift is now underway. Modern schools, alongside various youth organizations like the Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union, are increasingly emphasizing presentation skills. This reflects a growing recognition of verbal communication's importance in a globalized world. Students are encouraged not only to understand information but also to articulate it confidently in front of peers and educators, preparing them for a dynamic future where expressing ideas clearly is key.

For teenagers, especially those aged 14-15, developing strong presentation skills is incredibly relevant. As you advance through high school and university, you'll frequently be required to deliver presentations, from project summaries to group reports. Learning to speak confidently now enhances your academic performance and empowers active participation in class discussions. This early practice builds crucial self-assurance, transforming you into a more effective student and laying the groundwork for becoming a proactive thinker and a leader in your future endeavors.

Overcoming the fear of speaking requires practical strategies and consistent effort. [I] First, meticulous preparation is key: know your material inside out. This reduces anxiety and boosts your confidence. Second, practice, practice, practice! Rehearse your presentation multiple times, perhaps in front of a mirror or a trusted family member. [II] Focus on clear articulation, appropriate pacing, and maintaining eye contact. [III] Starting with smaller groups or familiar topics can also help build comfort before tackling larger audiences. [IV]

Ultimately, developing confidence in public speaking extends far beyond achieving good grades. It's about personal empowerment and the ability to effectively share your unique ideas and perspectives with the world. This skill opens doors to countless opportunities, whether leading a school club, excelling in a job interview, or passionately advocating for an issue. By learning to overcome initial apprehension, you gain a powerful tool that will serve you throughout your life, enabling you to not just participate, but to truly make your voice heard and contribute meaningfully.