Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-159

An earthquake is a natural event caused by the movement of the Earth's outermost layer. The Earth's surface is not one solid piece; instead, it consists of several large sections called tectonic plates. These plates float on the semi-molten layer beneath them, known as the mantle. The study of these geological forces helps us understand why some regions are more prone to seismic activity than others.

These plates are constantly moving, grinding against each other (21) __________ boundaries known as fault lines. This movement is usually very slow, only a few centimeters per year, which is why we do not feel it in our daily lives. The interaction between plates at these fault lines is the primary source of seismic energy.

Most of the time, this movement is slow and unnoticeable. (22) __________, sometimes the plates get stuck due to friction. While the plates are locked together, the rest of the plates continue to move, which causes enormous pressure to build up over many years. This stored energy is similar to the energy you store when you stretch a rubber band.

When the pressure becomes too great, the rocks suddenly break and shift, releasing energy in the form of (23) __________ vibrations called seismic waves. These are the waves (24) __________ travel through the Earth and cause the ground to shake. The point deep within the Earth where the earthquake begins is called the hypocenter.

The shaking is strongest at the earthquake's origin and becomes weaker as the waves travel outwards. The point on the surface directly above where the earthquake starts is called the epicenter, and this is where the most damage usually occurs. The shaking can have a devastating effect on buildings and infrastructure, making earthquake preparedness essential for communities in active zones.

Food delivery applications have profoundly transformed how people access and consume meals worldwide. Once a niche, they are now ubiquitous platforms, offering unparalleled convenience by bringing restaurant and grocery items directly to our doorsteps. This digital shift has not only revolutionized the food industry but has also subtly altered daily eating habits and physical activity levels. The appeal is clear: with just a few taps, a vast menu of culinary options becomes instantly available, saving considerable time and effort for busy individuals and families.

In vibrant nations like Vietnam, this change is especially pronounced. [I] Services such as GrabFood and ShopeeFood are now integral to urban life, deeply embedding themselves into millions' daily routines. [II] From bustling street food to sophisticated restaurant fare, almost any dish can be ordered and delivered with remarkable speed. [III] This widespread popularity highlights a cultural embrace of digital convenience, transforming traditional dining. [IV]

For a 14 or 15-year-old, the allure of food delivery apps is undeniable. The convenience of getting food delivered right to your door means less travel time and more time for homework, hobbies, or relaxing with friends. These platforms offer incredible variety, from traditional Vietnamese dishes to international cuisine, allowing exploration of new flavors without leaving home. This accessibility is particularly useful for quick study breaks or late-night cravings, providing a simple solution to hunger, fostering a sense of independence.

However, this convenience comes with potential drawbacks important for young people to consider. Relying heavily on delivery apps might lead to decreased physical activity; walking to a local food stall provides incidental exercise lost when food arrives. Furthermore, ease of ordering can sometimes encourage less healthy choices, as fast food and sugary drinks are often prominently featured. There's also the financial aspect: delivery fees and service charges add up quickly, making meals significantly more expensive than preparing food at home.

Ultimately, food delivery apps are powerful tools, offering both remarkable benefits and potential pitfalls. For teenagers navigating their evolving lifestyles, understanding these impacts is crucial. While convenience and vast selection are appealing, it’s vital to strike a balance. Being mindful of what and how often you order, and remembering physical activity, can help ensure these apps serve as a true convenience. The key lies in leveraging technology wisely to enhance, not hinder, a healthy and balanced life.