Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-152

The excavator is a common sight on construction sites. Its most impressive feature is the long, powerful arm that looks a bit like a giant's limb. The excavator's arm is not one single piece; it is made of three main (21) __________: the boom, the stick, and the bucket. Each part has a specific job, and they work together to perform precise and powerful digging actions.

The first section, connected directly to the excavator's body, is the boom. It is the largest and strongest part of the arm. The boom's primary function is (22) __________ the rest of the arm up and down. It pivots at a joint, allowing the entire arm assembly to be raised high in the air or lowered into a trench.

Attached to the end of the boom is the stick, which is also called the dipper arm. Just like a human forearm, the stick can bend and (23) __________, moving toward or away from the excavator's main body. This movement provides the reach, letting the operator position the bucket exactly where it needs to be for digging or lifting materials.

The magic behind this movement is the hydraulic system. This system uses a special fluid under high pressure to move the different parts. Thanks to this powerful system, the arm can lift incredibly heavy loads. If an operator moved the controls differently, the arm would respond with either a gentle scoop or a powerful tear through the ground. A senior engineer once told a trainee that the hydraulic fluid was the real muscle of the machine.

To dig effectively, an operator must skilfully (24) __________ the movements of all three parts at once. It takes great coordination to scoop earth with the bucket while adjusting the stick and boom simultaneously. It is a complex skill, but it is what makes the excavator such a versatile and essential tool on any modern construction project.

Smartwatches have become ubiquitous accessories. Beyond telling time and delivering notifications, these sophisticated gadgets are increasingly marketed as personal health companions. [I] Reflecting a global trend towards greater self-awareness, they empower individuals with a constant stream of biometric data. The question remains: can such a device truly transform us into healthier individuals?

In Vietnam, the appeal of smartwatches is clear. Major electronics retailers like FPT Shop and The Gioi Di Dong prominently display a wide array of models, from budget-friendly options to premium brands. They are no longer niche gadgets but popular, aspirational tech accessories, especially among the health-conscious and tech-savvy. [II] Extensive marketing highlights their potential to help users achieve fitness goals and maintain a balanced lifestyle, making them common among various age groups. Their widespread accessibility makes their actual health benefits a crucial topic.

The premise behind smartwatches contributing to better health is straightforward. By providing real-time data on activity levels, users can immediately see if they are meeting daily step goals or maintaining a healthy heart rate during exercise. [III] Sleep tracking can reveal patterns impacting daytime energy and mood. This constant feedback powerfully motivates users towards more activity or better sleep hygiene. For many, the visual representation of progress, or lack thereof, acts as a valuable nudge towards healthier choices.

However, owning a smartwatch is not a magic bullet for instant health. While the data it collects is abundant, understanding its true meaning is crucial. A high step count is good, but is your diet balanced? Are you getting enough quality sleep? [IV] For 14-15 year olds who might own these, it's vital to recognize numbers are just indicators. Genuine motivation to live a healthier lifestyle must come from within, not solely from the device. Over-reliance on metrics without interpretation can also lead to unhealthy obsessions or anxieties.

Ultimately, a smartwatch is a tool, not a complete solution. It excels at providing data and reminding us to be active, but it cannot force nutritious food choices, manage stress effectively, or build resilience. Its effectiveness hinges on the user's willingness to interpret information thoughtfully, integrating it into a broader, holistic approach to well-being. While a smartwatch can be a valuable companion on your health journey, the real power to become a healthier person still lies firmly in your own hands and the conscious decisions you make every day.