Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-128

A landslide is the movement of rock, debris, or earth down a sloped section of land, pulled by the force of gravity. But what can trigger such a powerful event? The answer is not always simple, as several factors often combine to create the perfect conditions for the ground to suddenly move. These events can happen slowly over time or very quickly without any warning.

One of the most common causes is water. When there is too much rain over a short period, the ground becomes saturated. This means the soil absorbs so much water that it becomes heavy and unstable. Due to this added weight, the natural friction that holds the soil particles together is significantly reduced, making the entire slope weak and vulnerable to collapse.

Geological forces like earthquakes are another significant cause. The intense shaking from an earthquake can violently disturb a slope, causing large amounts of rock and soil to break loose and slide down. The resulting mixture of earth, rock, and other materials is known as debris. Other events, such as volcanic eruptions, can melt snow and ice rapidly, creating fast-moving mudflows that carry heavy debris for many kilometers.

(21) __________, natural forces are not the only culprits. Human activities often increase the risk of landslides. For example, construction projects on or at the bottom of steep slopes can change water drainage patterns. An earthquake, (22) __________ might otherwise be harmless, could become the final push that causes a weakened hillside to collapse. Deforestation also removes the tree roots that bind the soil together.

Ultimately, gravity is the force that pulls everything downward. When the soil and rock on a slope can no longer resist this constant pull, they (23) __________ and begin to slide. Understanding these triggers is the first step towards predicting where landslides might occur. Through careful monitoring and responsible land management, the danger to communities living in high-risk areas (24) __________ reduced, potentially saving many lives.

In a world valuing strength, admitting struggle can feel counter-intuitive. Yet, a crucial global conversation gains momentum: it's okay to not be okay. Just as we care for our bodies when sick, our minds need attention. For too long, mental health issues were shrouded in silence and stigma, causing many to suffer alone. Now, a growing international movement breaks these barriers, encouraging open dialogue and fostering a culture where seeking mental support is normalized, like seeing a doctor for physical ailments. [I]

Admitting feelings like sadness or anxiety is challenging, especially during turbulent teenage years. Many fear judgment or being seen as weak, often leading them to bottle up emotions. This can create greater struggles. Adolescence brings unique pressures, from academic stress to social dynamics. Recognizing these feelings as valid is the first step. Learning to express them, rather than suppressing them, transforms perceived weakness into a profound act of strength and self-awareness. [II]

In Vietnam, mental health discussions have traditionally been private. [III] Younger generations are increasingly open to emotional well-being, partly fueled by social media's platforms for shared experiences. Organizations like the Research Centre for Gender, Family and Environment in Development (CGFED) are also vital, initiating youth-focused programs that encourage dialogue and provide resources, helping normalize these essential conversations within Vietnamese society.

What does it mean to talk about mental health? It doesn't always mean sharing your deepest fears with everyone. It can start small: confiding in a trusted friend, family member, or school counselor. These individuals can offer a listening ear, advice, or help connect you with professional support. Equally important is being that listening ear for your friends. Creating a network where everyone feels safe to express themselves without judgment strengthens individuals and the entire community. Remember, asking for help is a sign of courage.

Ultimately, mental well-being is a collective journey. By openly acknowledging that it's okay to experience difficult emotions and actively destigmatizing mental health discussions, we empower ourselves and others. [IV] This growing global understanding, coupled with local initiatives and increasing openness among Vietnamese youth, paves the way for a healthier future. Let’s continue fostering environments where emotional honesty is celebrated, and support is readily available, ensuring no one faces struggles alone.