Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-118

The respiratory system is complex, but one of its most important parts is a muscle that many people don't think about: the diaphragm. The diaphragm is a large, dome-shaped muscle that is located just below the lungs, separating the chest from the abdomen. Because of its position, this plays a crucial role in the mechanics of breathing. It works tirelessly every second of our lives, making it essential for survival.

When you breathe in, or inhale, your diaphragm contracts and moves down. This movement increases the space inside your chest cavity. This causes a change in pressure that allows your lungs to expand and (21) __________ air. The expansion of the lungs is a direct result of the diaphragm creating more room for them. It is an active process that requires muscular effort.

The opposite happens when you breathe out, or exhale. The diaphragm relaxes and goes up to its original dome shape. As it moves upward, it (22) __________ the air out of the lungs, reducing the space in the chest. For most people, exhaling is a passive process, meaning it doesn't require as much effort. It's often a more automatic automatic process than inhaling.

What makes the diaphragm fascinating is its dual-control system. Most of the time, its movement is involuntary, controlled by the part of the brain that manages automatic functions like your heartbeat. However, you (23) __________ also consciously control it, which is how you can hold your breath or take a deep breath on purpose. (24) __________ does it work without our thought, but we can also command it when needed.

In summary, the diaphragm is the powerful engine that drives our breathing. Its simple yet effective up-and-down movement, contracting to pull air in and relaxing to push it out, is essential for life. This constant, rhythmic action ensures our body gets the oxygen it needs to function, making the diaphragm a true unsung hero of the human body.

Travel in the modern world often prioritizes speed, with planes reducing vast distances to hours. [I] However, a quiet appreciation for slower journeys persists, particularly for long-distance train travel. [II] Unlike air travel's detached experience, trains offer a continuous connection to the landscape, transforming the journey into an integral part of the adventure, not just a means to an end. [III] This global phenomenon underscores a fundamental truth: sometimes, the journey itself holds as much value as the destination. [IV]

In Vietnam, this global sentiment finds powerful resonance in the legendary North-South Railway, affectionately known as the Reunification Express. Stretching over 1,700 kilometers from Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh City, this iconic train journey is more than just transport; it’s a living historical narrative. It winds through the heart of the country, offering an unparalleled opportunity to witness Vietnam’s breathtaking geographical diversity, from dramatic coastal stretches and serene, emerald-green rice paddies to bustling local towns. It truly encapsulates the nation's varied beauty as it unfolds from the window.

Indeed, the Reunification Express might be one of the slowest ways to traverse the country, often lasting over 30 hours. Yet, this unhurried pace transforms the trip into an immersive experience. Instead of rushing past, passengers truly absorb the passing scenery. You can watch local life unfold outside your window, observing farmers tending fields or catching glimpses of children playing. This extended exposure allows for a deeper appreciation of the subtle shifts in climate, architecture, and daily routines that define different regions of Vietnam, offering insights easily missed by faster travel.

For young people, choosing the train offers invaluable lessons. It teaches patience in a fast-paced world, encouraging engagement with surroundings rather than instant gratification. Beyond the stunning visuals, the train fosters a unique environment for connection. Sharing a compartment or dining car with fellow travelers – locals and tourists alike – often leads to unexpected conversations, shared stories, and genuine cultural exchange. It's a hands-on way to understand your own country from a ground-level perspective, impossible when soaring at 30,000 feet.

Ultimately, the question of whether the slowest way to travel is the best finds a resounding "yes" on the tracks of the Reunification Express. It’s a journey that challenges the modern obsession with speed, proving that true value often lies not in reaching the destination quickly, but in the richness of the path taken. This classic Vietnamese experience offers a profound connection to the land and its people, making it an unforgettable adventure that transcends mere transportation and becomes a cherished memory.