Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-03

Suspension bridges are masterpieces of engineering, famous for their elegant design and ability to span vast distances like wide rivers or bays. But how do these massive structures stay up? The secret lies in a clever distribution of forces. At its most basic, (21) __________ suspension bridge works by hanging the road from cables, which then transfer the weight to towers and finally to the ground.

The process begins with the road itself, which is called the (22) __________. This deck is where cars and people travel. The weight of the deck, and everything on it, is supported by hundreds of vertical steel cables called suspenders. These suspenders are connected directly to the deck, and they hang down from the main, much larger cables above.

The main cables are the most critical components. They stretch from one end of the bridge to the other, passing over the tops of two tall towers. All the weight from the suspender cables is transferred to these main cables, pulling on them and creating an immense force called tension. Therefore, these cables are made from thousands of individual steel wires bundled together for maximum strength. Transferring the weight from the deck upwards into the main cables is the first major step in distributing the load safely.

Next, the main cables are draped over the towers. The towers' job is to hold up the cables and transfer the load down to the earth. While the cables are under tension (a pulling force), the towers are under compression (a squeezing force). They must be strong enough to support the weight from the cables and push it directly into their foundations in the ground. If the main cables were to snap, the entire structure would immediately collapse, showing how vital their connection is.

Finally, at each end of the bridge, the main cables are secured into massive concrete blocks called anchorages, which are buried deep in the ground. These anchorages are (23) __________ of the entire system, resisting the pull of the cables and keeping everything stable. An engineer once explained that the delicate balance between tension and compression (24) __________ the secret to a suspension bridge's long-lasting success.

Street food is a vibrant and essential thread in the fabric of urban life worldwide. From bustling markets in Bangkok to late-night stalls in New York, it offers an authentic taste of local culture, often affordably. More than just a meal, it represents a dynamic culinary landscape, a quick glimpse into a city's soul. However, alongside its undeniable charm and cultural significance, persistent questions often linger about food safety and hygiene, creating a nuanced debate: is this beloved cultural treasure also a potential health risk?

In Vietnam, this debate resonates particularly strongly. Vietnamese street food, celebrated globally for its incredible diversity and complex flavors, has recently garnered prestigious international recognition. Cities like Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City now boast numerous street food vendors and humble eateries highlighted in the Michelin Guide, elevating these everyday delights. Dishes like phở, bún chả, and bánh mì are not just meals; they are iconic symbols of Vietnamese heritage, attracting tourists and locals alike.

For many young people, especially teenagers in Vietnam, street food isn't just about cultural heritage; it's an integral part of daily social life. [I] Gathering with friends after school to share bánh tráng nướng, or enjoying savory xiên bẩn skewers from a roadside cart, are common and cherished experiences. [II] These moments are filled with laughter, shared stories, and the distinct flavors that define youthful memories. It’s a convenient, delicious, and budget-friendly way to connect and unwind, often becoming the backdrop for countless adolescent adventures.

Yet, beneath this appealing surface lies genuine concern about health and safety. [III] The very nature of street food – prepared and served in open-air environments with varying access to sanitation and temperature control – raises legitimate questions. [IV] This prompts consumers and authorities to constantly evaluate the balance between accessibility, taste, and public health.

Ultimately, the question of whether street food is a cultural treasure or a health risk isn't simple. It's undeniably both. Its cultural value, economic accessibility, and social significance are immense, especially in countries like Vietnam where it's deeply ingrained. However, acknowledging and addressing inherent health risks through improved hygiene practices, consumer awareness, and appropriate regulation is crucial. Enjoying street food responsibly means appreciating its unique charm while being mindful of safety, ensuring this beloved tradition continues to thrive healthily.