Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-01

The life cycle of a salmon is one of nature's most remarkable stories. A salmon begins its life as a tiny egg in the cool, clear freshwater of a riverbed. After a few months, the young fish, known as fry, hatch from their eggs. These small fry are very vulnerable and must hide from predators among the rocks and plants of the river.

As the fry grow, they begin their journey downstream towards the ocean. They are still small and weak, and the journey is filled with dangers. Therefore, they must be constantly alert. After weeks or months of travel, they finally (21) __________ for the vast, open ocean. This transition from freshwater to saltwater is a major change for their bodies, but they are built to adapt.

Salmon spend several years maturing in the saltwater environment, growing much larger and stronger. They feed on smaller fish and crustaceans, preparing for their final journey. For a long time, scientists wondered what (22) __________ them return to the exact river where they were born. It is now believed they use the Earth's magnetic field and their incredible sense of smell to navigate.

Finally, driven by instinct, the adult salmon begin their exhausting journey home. They swim upstream, against the powerful current of the river. This part of their journey is incredibly difficult; they must leap over waterfalls and avoid predators like bears and eagles. This final trip is not (23) __________. It is a test of strength and endurance that pushes them to their absolute limits.

Those that survive the journey reach their original spawning grounds. Here, the female digs a nest in the gravel and lays her eggs, which the male then fertilizes. If a salmon (24) __________ its home river, it would not be able to reproduce and complete its life cycle. Sadly, after spawning, most salmon are exhausted and die, their bodies providing nutrients for the river ecosystem, which will in turn help their offspring to survive.

Imagine transforming discarded plastic bottles into vibrant sculptures, or old fabric scraps into high-fashion. This isn't just creative play; it's environmental art. Globally, artists embrace 'upcycling' – converting waste into new, higher-value products – and 'trashion,' fashion from trash. Their creations aren't just beautiful; they're striking reminders of our consumption habits and the growing waste challenge. By repurposing discards, these visionaries compel us to reconsider materials, turning trash into thought-provoking masterpieces that demand attention and spark vital conversations about our ecological footprint.

[I] The core message of environmental art is both urgent and inspiring. Each piece, from colossal outdoor installations of salvaged electronics to intricate jewelry from bottle caps, confronts us with humanity's vast waste. [II] Their work becomes a powerful call to action, urging us to look beyond immediate disposal, consider an item's lifecycle, and shift towards mindful consumption and creative reuse. [III] It’s a visual protest and a hopeful demonstration of what’s possible.

This global trend resonates deeply in Vietnam, where creativity often flourishes despite resource constraints. [IV] Public art projects leverage recycled materials to create stunning murals and sculptures, beautifying urban landscapes while conveying strong environmental messages. The iconic Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural is a prime example, repurposing countless discarded pottery shards. This artwork transformed a long embankment into a vibrant, historical tapestry, demonstrating how waste can become a source of national pride and a powerful visual statement, inspiring community engagement in environmental stewardship.

For young people, this movement offers a compelling pathway to make a real difference. It shows how personal creativity can be a potent tool for environmental advocacy. If you enjoy drawing, sculpting, fashion design, or photography, combine these artistic passions with a deep care for the planet. Imagine designing an outfit from old newspapers for a school project, or creating a sculpture from collected plastic for your local park. These activities foster artistic skills, cultivate problem-solving, and show your ideas, however small, can contribute to a larger ecological impact.

Ultimately, environmental art bridges artistic expression and urgent global challenges. It proves beauty can emerge from decay, and powerful messages are conveyed through unconventional materials. By embracing this innovative approach, artists worldwide, including those in Vietnam, are not just creating art; they are sparking conversations and inspiring action. This movement empowers everyone, especially the younger generation, to see waste not as an end, but as a beginning – a raw material full of potential, transformed into a testament to creativity and a beacon of hope for a sustainable future.