Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-98

Concrete is an essential material in our modern world, forming the backbone of everything from skyscrapers to sidewalks. It is, by far, the (35) __________ widely used construction material on Earth. The reason for its popularity lies in its incredible strength, durability, and versatility. While it may seem like a simple grey substance, concrete is actually a carefully balanced composite material, created from a specific recipe of ingredients that have been perfected over many years.

The fundamental recipe for concrete involves three main parts: a paste and an aggregate. The paste consists of Portland cement and water, which, when combined, start a chemical reaction. This paste coats the surface of the aggregate, which is typically a mix of sand and gravel. As the paste hardens, it (36) __________ all the individual particles of sand and gravel together into a single, solid mass. This process is what gives concrete its rock-like characteristics.

Achieving the right consistency and strength is a science. Engineers and construction workers must (37) __________ precise calculations to determine the exact proportions of water, cement, sand, and gravel. Too much water can weaken the final product, while too little can make it difficult to mix and pour. (38) __________ is what ensures the concrete will be able to support heavy loads and last for decades without failing.

Once mixed, the wet concrete (39) __________ be transported and poured quickly, before it begins to set. It is typically poured into molds or forms, which hold it in the desired shape as it hardens. This initial (40) __________ process can take several hours, but the concrete continues to strengthen for weeks or even months. Only after it has fully cured (41) __________ the structure possess its designed load-bearing capacity and durability.

(42) __________, the journey of concrete from a simple mixture of powder, water, and stones to the foundation of our cities is a testament to human ingenuity. Its simplicity, combined with its immense strength, ensures that it will remain a vital component of construction for the foreseeable future.

In recent years, you’ve likely seen stunning images and heard catchy music popping up on your social media feeds, all created by Artificial Intelligence. Tools like Midjourney, DALL-E 2, and Suno can generate complex works from simple text prompts, sparking a heated global debate. In Vietnam, this trend is especially popular among young people, who use these tools to create unique avatars and digital art. But this technological revolution raises a fundamental question: when a machine creates a piece of art, is it displaying genuine creativity, or is it just sophisticated mimicry?

Supporters of AI in the arts argue that these tools are simply the next step in the evolution of creative instruments, much like the camera or digital software. They believe AI makes art creation more accessible, allowing individuals without years of technical training to bring their visions to life. For professional artists and designers, AI can act as a powerful assistant, rapidly generating ideas and drafts, which significantly speeds up the creative process. Instead of replacing human creativity, proponents say AI enhances it by providing new ways to explore and express ideas.

On the other hand, critics raise serious concerns. They argue that true art stems from human experience, emotion, and intention—qualities a machine cannot possess. An AI can analyze millions of existing artworks and combine elements, but it doesn't understand the joy, sorrow, or cultural context behind them. Furthermore, the issue of authorship and copyright is a major point of conflict. Who is the artist: the person who wrote the prompt, the AI model, or the company that created it? There is also a fear that the widespread use of AI could devalue the unique skills of human artists. They spend years, or even decades, perfecting their craft, and this dedication could be overlooked in a world of instant, machine-generated content.

This debate is not just happening in distant tech hubs; it's a living conversation in Vietnam's creative circles. Online communities, such as the popular Vietnam Halography group on Facebook, are filled with discussions where members share their AI creations while also debating the ethical implications and the future of creative professions. Young Vietnamese artists are at the forefront, experimenting with these new technologies while also questioning their long-term impact on their culture and careers.

Ultimately, the rise of AI-generated art doesn't offer a simple answer. It challenges our traditional definitions of art and artist. Perhaps the future isn't about choosing between human and machine, but about finding new ways for them to collaborate. As this technology continues to evolve, we will all have to think more deeply about what creativity truly means in the 21st century.