Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-95

The Aurora Borealis, or Northern Lights, is one of nature's most (35) __________ light displays. These colourful curtains of light are often seen dancing in the night sky in regions near the Earth's North Pole. A similar phenomenon, the Aurora Australis, occurs near the South Pole. But what causes these beautiful events? The answer lies millions of kilometres away, with our sun.

The sun (36) __________ be thought of as the ultimate source of the aurora. It constantly releases something called the solar wind. (37) __________ is a continuous stream of charged particles, mainly electrons and protons, that travel outwards through space at very high speeds. When this solar wind reaches our planet, it interacts with Earth's magnetic field.

Earth is surrounded by an invisible magnetic field, which acts like a protective shield. This field deflects most of the harmful solar wind away from the planet. (38) __________ does this field protect us, but it also channels some of the solar particles towards the magnetic poles. These captured particles are then directed down into the upper layers of our atmosphere.

The magic happens high up in the atmosphere. When these energetic particles from the sun (39) __________ with gas atoms, such as oxygen and nitrogen, they transfer energy. The energy from the collision causes the atoms to become (40) __________ excited. This excited state, however, does not last long, and the atoms quickly seek to return to their normal state.

To return to their normal state, the atoms must release the extra energy, and they do so in the form of light particles called photons. The (41) __________ common color is a pale yellowish-green, produced by oxygen atoms. Nitrogen can produce blue or purplish-red lights. (42) __________, the aurora is a beautiful result of the complex interaction between particles from the sun and gases in Earth's atmosphere.

Organ transplantation is a triumph of modern medicine, offering a second chance at life to patients with failing organs. By the early 2000s, while this field was well-established in many parts of the world, it remained a formidable challenge in Vietnam. The nation's medical community dreamed of the day they could perform such complex procedures independently. That dream was on the verge of becoming a reality at Military Hospital 103 in Hanoi, where a dedicated team was preparing to make history.

The journey to the operating room was long and demanding. For years, a team of Vietnamese doctors, led by the renowned Professor Le The Trung, had been training intensively, both at home and abroad. The stakes were incredibly high. The patient was a young woman named Nguyen Thi Dien, who was suffering from end-stage liver disease. The search for a donor led to her own family, and her younger brother bravely volunteered to donate a part of his liver. The planning was meticulous, involving hundreds of simulations and the coordination of numerous medical departments to ensure every possible scenario was accounted for.

On February 21, 2004, the landmark surgery began. Inside the operating room, the atmosphere was a mix of intense concentration and nervous anticipation. The complex procedure of removing a portion of the healthy liver from the brother and transplanting it into his sister required extraordinary precision and skill. For nearly 15 hours, the all-Vietnamese surgical team worked tirelessly. As they navigated each critical stage of the operation, they were not just saving a life; they were carrying the hopes of an entire nation's medical field on their shoulders.

The successful completion of the surgery was a moment of immense pride and relief. Nguyen Thi Dien made a good recovery, and the operation was declared a historic success. This single event was a watershed moment for medicine in Vietnam. It proved that Vietnamese doctors possessed the skill and expertise to perform world-class surgeries without foreign assistance. The achievement at Military Hospital 103 paved the way for many more successful organ transplants in the country, including heart and kidney transplants, solidifying Vietnam’s position on the global medical map.

More than just a medical breakthrough, the story of Vietnam's first liver transplant is a powerful testament to human courage, dedication, and teamwork. It demonstrates the incredible outcomes that are possible when skilled professionals work together towards a common goal. For teenagers considering a future in healthcare, this event serves as a profound source of inspiration, showcasing the deeply human side of medicine and its power to create miracles.