Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-94

Have you ever watched planes at an airport and wondered who makes sure they all move safely? That is the job of an Air Traffic Controller, or ATC. These professionals play a critical role in aviation safety. Their primary responsibility is to (35) __________ the safe, orderly, and efficient flow of air traffic. They work in control towers at airports and in centers that manage planes flying at high altitudes.

On the ground, an ATC's job involves (36) __________ planes from their parking positions to the runway. They provide pilots with taxiing instructions and clearance. Before a plane can (37) __________, the controller must check that the runway is clear and that there are no conflicts with other aircraft. This part of the job requires precise communication and a complete awareness of everything happening on the airport grounds.

Once in the air, planes enter a different phase of control. ATCs give pilots clear instructions about their route and altitude (38) __________ they can maintain a safe distance from other aircraft. They constantly monitor screens that show the position of every plane in (39) __________ designated airspace. Communicating clearly with pilots is essential, especially during bad weather or unexpected situations.

The job of an ATC is extremely demanding. It requires intense concentration and the ability to make quick decisions under pressure. If an ATC (40) __________ a mistake, the consequences could be very serious. A retired pilot once said that an ATC's voice (41) __________ calm during a difficult landing he had experienced years before. This mental focus is why controllers work in shifts to stay alert.

In conclusion, being an air traffic controller is more than just a job; it's a huge responsibility. Guiding hundreds of flights and being responsible for thousands of lives every day is not for everyone. Controllers must have (42) __________ to handle the constant pressure and ensure that everyone reaches their destination safely. Their work is a vital, unseen part of every flight we take.

Wandering through a modern Vietnamese city like Da Nang or Hoi An, it's common to see a familiar sight: a foreigner intently focused on a laptop, a half-empty coffee cup by their side. These are not tourists on a short holiday; they are 'digital nomads'—professionals who use technology to work remotely while living in a foreign country for months, or even years. This growing trend has transformed cities into global hubs, but it raises a critical question for local communities: Is the presence of these remote workers a net positive or a source of new challenges?

On one hand, the economic benefits are undeniable. Digital nomads bring foreign currency into the local economy without competing for local jobs. They spend significantly on accommodation, food, transportation, and daily essentials. For cafe owners, having a regular stream of customers who stay for hours can be a lucrative business model, ensuring steady income. This spending creates a ripple effect, supporting not just the hospitality sector but also local landlords, markets, and service providers, thereby stimulating economic growth in a unique way.

Beyond the financial impact, there is a rich potential for cultural exchange. Digital nomads often bring diverse skills, new ideas, and global perspectives to their host communities. They can become informal language partners for locals looking to practice English or other languages, and their presence contributes to a more cosmopolitan and vibrant urban atmosphere. This interaction, when positive, fosters mutual understanding and can inspire local entrepreneurs and artists by exposing them to different ways of thinking and creating.

However, this trend is not without its drawbacks. The most frequently cited issue is the rising cost of living, a phenomenon often called 'gentrification'. As more high-earning foreigners move in, the demand for high-quality rental apartments increases, pushing prices up. This can make housing unaffordable for local residents, especially young people and families. The same effect can be seen in cafes and restaurants in popular areas, where prices may be adjusted to cater to a wealthier international clientele, potentially excluding locals.

Furthermore, social friction can arise. Some critics argue that digital nomads can form isolated 'bubbles', interacting mostly with other expatriates and failing to integrate into the local culture. This can lead to a feeling of 'us versus them'. In cafes, the business model can also backfire if a customer occupies a table for many hours while only purchasing a single drink, reducing the turnover and potential profit for the owner. Finding a balance that allows cities to enjoy the benefits of this trend while mitigating its negative consequences is the key challenge for policymakers and communities alike.