Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-75

Motorbikes are a common sight in many bustling cities, especially in countries like Vietnam. They offer a convenient way to navigate through heavy traffic. However, with this convenience comes great responsibility. To ensure everyone's safety, cities (35) __________ strict rules that all riders must follow. These regulations are not just suggestions; they are legal requirements.

The most critical piece of safety equipment is the helmet. You must always wear (36) __________ properly fastened helmet when riding. The law is very clear on this. Furthermore, a driver is responsible for (37) __________ that their passenger also has one. This rule applies to everyone, regardless of the distance of the journey.

Before you can even think about riding, you must have a valid driver's license. (38) __________ to prove you have the necessary skills and knowledge, you must pass both a written and a practical test. Minors, or people under the legal age, cannot obtain a license. It's a good idea to (39) __________ the specific age requirements in your local area before you plan to get one.

There are also things you absolutely cannot do. You mustn't use your phone while riding, and carrying more than one passenger is usually prohibited. Imagine the chaos; if everyone ignored these rules, the streets (40) __________ become incredibly dangerous. It’s always a case of (41) __________ when it comes to road safety. Following these prohibitions protects you and others around you.

Ultimately, being a good rider means being a responsible citizen. It’s about more than just avoiding fines; it’s about valuing your life and the lives of others. A police officer once explained that a rider (42) __________ always check their mirrors before changing lanes. This small habit can prevent serious accidents. Adhering to traffic laws creates a safer environment for all road users.

Look around any cafe or schoolyard in Vietnam, and you will likely see the same sight: teenagers completely absorbed in their smartphones. Whether they are scrolling through TikTok, chatting with friends on Zalo, or studying for an exam, their heads are often tilted down. This common posture has led to a growing health concern that experts call 'text neck'. It's a modern problem for a digital generation, and its effects are more serious than many young people realize, with health professionals in major cities reporting a significant increase in cases.

So, what exactly is 'text neck'? It refers to the stress and pain in the neck and spine caused by looking down at a handheld device for prolonged periods. The human head is surprisingly heavy, weighing about 5 kilograms. When you hold your head upright, your spine can easily support this weight. However, when you tilt your head forward by just 15 degrees, the pressure on your neck increases to about 12 kilograms. A 60-degree tilt, common when looking at a phone in your lap, can feel like 27 kilograms of pressure. The primary symptoms of this condition include chronic neck pain, stiffness in the shoulders, and even frequent headaches.

This issue is particularly worrying for teenagers because their bodies are still developing. Constant pressure on the spine during these formative years can lead to long-term postural problems that are difficult to correct later in life. While adults also suffer from text neck, teenagers are often more vulnerable because of the sheer number of hours they spend on their devices for both entertainment and education. This habit can permanently alter the natural curve of their cervical spine, leading to discomfort and health issues that persist into adulthood.

The negative effects of poor screen posture are not limited to just the neck. Hunching over a phone can also cause significant pain in the upper back and shoulders. Furthermore, this compressed posture can affect other body systems. For instance, it can lead to eye strain from looking at a small screen for too long. In more severe cases, a constantly slumped chest can even reduce lung capacity, making it harder to breathe deeply and efficiently. These connected issues show that how you hold your phone is a whole-body problem.

Fortunately, preventing text neck is possible with awareness and a few simple changes. The most effective strategy is to be mindful of your posture. Try to hold your phone at eye level as much as possible to keep your head up. Take frequent breaks from your screen; a popular method is the 20-20-20 rule, where you look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds every 20 minutes. Simple neck and shoulder stretches throughout the day can also relieve tension. The key is not to stop using technology, but to use it in a smarter, healthier way.