Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-74

Have you ever looked up at the night sky and seen a shooting star? Many people use different names for these amazing sights, but in science, the terms meteoroid, meteor, and meteorite have very specific meanings. It all depends on location. A meteoroid is a small piece of rock or metal that travels (35) __________ space. These objects can be as small as a grain of sand or as large as a boulder, orbiting the sun just like planets do.

The story changes when a meteoroid gets close to our planet. A meteoroid (36) __________ enters Earth’s atmosphere becomes a meteor. As it travels through the air at high speed, friction with air molecules causes it to heat up and glow. This glowing object (37) __________ a "shooting star." We see it as a (38) __________ streak of light flashing across the sky.

What happens to the meteor? The intense heat usually causes the object to burn up completely before it can reach the ground. (39) __________, sometimes larger pieces manage to (40) __________ the fiery journey through the atmosphere. If a part of the meteoroid lands on Earth’s surface, it is then called a meteorite. Scientists study meteorites to learn more about the history of our solar system.

So, the difference is simple. When the object is in space, it is a meteoroid. When it enters the atmosphere and burns, it is a meteor. And if it survives and lands on the ground, it becomes a meteorite. It's a journey of transformation. While there are millions of meteors visible in our atmosphere every year, (41) __________ of them are too small to ever become meteorites.

Understanding these terms helps us appreciate the dynamic nature of our solar system. The next time you see a shooting star, you'll know you are witnessing a meteoroid's final moments as it becomes a meteor. You can also wonder if a small piece will survive the (42) __________ and become a meteorite, a special visitor from space waiting to be discovered.

Every day, our planet faces a growing problem: mountains of waste. From plastic bottles to old electronics, the things we throw away are filling up landfills and polluting our oceans. However, a creative and inspiring global movement is turning this problem into an opportunity. Artists and designers are now looking at trash not as something to be discarded, but as a valuable resource for creation. This practice, often called 'upcycling art' or 'trashion' (a mix of 'trash' and 'fashion'), transforms what we consider garbage into compelling works of art.

But this movement is about more than just making beautiful objects. It carries a powerful message. When an artist creates a sculpture from thousands of plastic bags or a dress from old newspapers, the art confronts viewers with the reality of our consumption. It forces us to think about the lifecycle of the products we use and the sheer volume of waste we generate. This form of art doesn't just decorate a space; it starts a conversation. It serves as a visual reminder of our environmental responsibilities, making the invisible problem of waste impossible to ignore.

This trend is not limited to galleries in New York or London; it has found a vibrant home in Vietnam as well. A famous example is the Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural, a massive public art piece that used recycled pottery fragments to beautify a long concrete wall. Similarly, smaller community projects across the country have transformed public spaces with sculptures made from plastic bottles and tires. They are powerful examples of how local communities can use readily available waste materials to both enhance their surroundings and raise environmental awareness. These public art initiatives show a commitment to sustainability that inspires both residents and visitors.

The impact of this art form goes beyond simple awareness. It can inspire direct action. When people, especially teenagers, see that a plastic bottle can become part of a beautiful mural, it changes their perspective on waste. It demonstrates that creativity is a powerful tool for change. You don't need to be a scientist or a politician to contribute to environmental protection. By combining an interest in art with a passion for the planet, young people can organize their own projects, send their own messages, and prove that small, creative actions can lead to a significant shift in thinking.

In the end, turning trash into treasure is a form of activism. It is a testament to human ingenuity and a hopeful sign that we can find innovative solutions to our most pressing environmental challenges. It proves that art can do more than just hang on a wall—it can help change the world, one piece of recycled art at a time.