Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-70

The life cycle of a butterfly is one of nature's most fascinating phenomena, a complete metamorphosis that unfolds in four distinct stages. This transformation is not just a simple change but a profound reinvention of a single creature. It is (35) __________ amazing process that showcases the incredible adaptability of life. The journey from a tiny egg to a beautiful, winged adult is a perfect example of a life cycle, and understanding it gives us a deeper appreciation for the natural world around us.

First, the journey begins when an adult female butterfly carefully (36) __________ its eggs on a leaf or stem. This plant will serve as the first food source for the young creature once it hatches. The eggs are often laid in clusters and are incredibly small. The butterfly chooses the location with great precision to ensure the safety and nourishment of its offspring. This initial stage is crucial for the survival of the next generation.

Next, after a period of a few days or weeks, the egg hatches, and a larva, more commonly known as a caterpillar, emerges. The primary job of the caterpillar is to eat and grow. Its colorful patterns often help it to (37) __________ with its surroundings to avoid predators. It eats constantly (38) __________ it can grow quickly, shedding its skin several times as its body expands. This stage is all about accumulating energy for the incredible transformation that is yet to come.

Then, once the caterpillar has reached its full size, it enters the pupa stage. It forms a protective casing around itself called a chrysalis. Inside, it might seem inactive, but it is undergoing a radical change. The caterpillar's body starts (39) __________ into the form of a butterfly. A scientist once remarked that if a caterpillar understood its future, it (40) __________ into the chrysalis so willingly. This resting phase is where the true magic happens.

Finally, after the transformation inside the chrysalis is complete, the adult butterfly emerges. It might seem to happen (41) __________, but this process can take several weeks. Its wings are initially soft and folded. The butterfly must pump fluid into them and let them dry before it can fly. If the butterfly (42) __________ its wings properly in these first few hours, it would not be able to fly and find a mate, thus ending its cycle. Once ready, it takes to the sky, ready to begin the cycle anew.

The desire to help others is a fundamental human quality. When we see people facing hardship, our natural instinct is often to offer support. However, a significant question arises: what is the most effective way to give back? This question has led to a global debate between two main approaches to philanthropy. The first is direct giving—providing money or resources straight to individuals in need. The second involves supporting large, organized charity programs that operate on a broader scale.

Direct giving has powerful advantages. When you hand cash to a person in need or buy them a meal, the impact is immediate. There are no administrative costs, meaning every bit of your contribution goes directly to the recipient. This method feels personal and creates a direct connection between the giver and the receiver. Furthermore, the process is often simple and transparent, as you can see exactly where your help is going. For someone facing an urgent crisis, like needing money for medicine or food for their family, this direct support can be a lifeline.

On the other hand, organized charities are designed to tackle problems that are too big for individual acts of kindness to solve. These professional non-profit organizations can manage complex, long-term projects such as funding medical research, building schools, or providing disaster relief. They have the expertise and infrastructure to ensure that donations are used efficiently to create sustainable change. While a portion of donations may go towards administrative costs, this funding supports the skilled staff and strategic planning necessary to address the root causes of societal issues, not just the symptoms.

This debate is also present in Vietnam. Traditionally, informal giving is deeply rooted in the culture, with people often helping neighbors or contributing to community fundraising for a family in need. However, there is a growing recognition of the power of professional philanthropy. A prominent example is the VinaCapital Foundation's 'Heartbeat Vietnam' program. This organization raises funds to pay for life-saving heart surgeries for children from impoverished families across the country—a scale of impact that would be impossible to achieve through informal, individual donations alone.

Ultimately, there is no single 'best' way to help. The most effective method depends on the specific situation and the nature of the problem. Direct giving is powerful for immediate, personal crises, while organized charities are essential for addressing large-scale, systemic issues. For young people today, the key is to think critically. By understanding the strengths of each approach, you can make more informed decisions about how your contributions—whether of time, money, or effort—can make the most meaningful difference in the world.