Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-59

For decades, our energy needs (35) __________ by a traditional electricity grid. This system is a one-way street: power plants generate electricity and send it to homes and businesses. It relies heavily on old technology and limited communication, which makes it less efficient and responsive to modern demands.

A smart grid, (36) __________, is a major upgrade. It uses digital technology that allows for two-way communication between the utility company and its customers. This means a smart grid not only delivers electricity but also collects information about (37) __________ and when it is used, creating a continuous flow of data.

This two-way communication is possible because smart grids are full of sensors. These devices collect data about power usage in real-time. This information is then (38) __________ analyzed, which means problems can be detected and resolved much faster. For instance, the grid can instantly respond to changes that could (39) __________ the power supply.

This data-driven approach allows the grid to (40) __________ smarter decisions about energy distribution. Unlike the traditional model, a smart grid can predict when demand will be high and adjust the supply accordingly. This makes the entire system more reliable and more efficient than its predecessor, reducing waste and potentially lowering costs for (41) __________ consumer.

Ultimately, the move to a smart grid is a significant step towards a more sustainable energy future. It empowers both utility companies and consumers with the information they need to manage electricity use more effectively, which is a key component (42) __________ a modern, responsive energy system.

In Vietnam, the sound of coins is becoming less common. Instead, you hear the beep of a smartphone scanning a QR code. From paying for a cup of trà sữa at a local stand to sending lucky money to cousins during Tết, digital finance has become a daily reality. E-wallets, such as MoMo and ZaloPay, are mobile applications that store your money electronically, allowing you to make payments with just a few taps. For teenagers, this technology is not just a trend; it's the future of managing personal finances, and your first e-wallet might be just around the corner, holding your allowance or money from a part-time job.

The popularity of e-wallets stems from their incredible convenience and speed. You no longer need to carry bulky wallets or worry about having the exact amount of cash. Transactions are instant, whether you're paying a friend back or buying a movie ticket online. Beyond simple payments, these apps often bundle other useful services, like paying for electricity and water bills or topping up your mobile phone credit. For many, they have become an essential part of daily financial life, simplifying tasks that once required more time and effort.

However, with great convenience comes great responsibility. The biggest challenge for new users, especially teenagers, is learning to manage money that doesn't feel 'real'. When you just tap a screen, it's easier to lose track of spending compared to handing over physical banknotes. Furthermore, the digital world has security risks. A common threat is phishing scams, which try to steal your login details or personal data. They often appear as urgent messages or fake promotions, tricking users into revealing sensitive information that can lead to financial loss.

Fortunately, using an e-wallet safely is achievable with good habits. The first step is to create a strong, unique password that isn't easy to guess. Secondly, always enable two-factor authentication (2FA) if the app offers it. This adds an extra layer of security by requiring a second code, usually sent to your phone, to log in. Be very cautious when using public Wi-Fi networks, as they can be less secure; it's better to use your mobile data for financial transactions. Finally, make it a habit to regularly review your transaction history to spot any unauthorized activity immediately.

Your first e-wallet is more than just a payment app; it's a stepping stone towards financial literacy. By understanding both the benefits and the risks, you can harness the power of digital finance responsibly. Learning to secure your account, track your spending, and identify potential scams are crucial skills. Mastering them now will not only protect your money today but also prepare you for a future where managing finances online is the norm.