Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-48

A cantilever is a structural beam (35) __________ is supported at only one end. This unique characteristic allows it to project horizontally into space without any vertical support at its free end. The fixed end, where it connects to a main structure like a wall, must be extremely rigid to provide all the necessary stability for the entire beam. This simple idea is a cornerstone of modern construction and design.

The core (36) __________ of a cantilever is that this single point of support must counteract all forces acting upon it. This fixed connection resists both the downward pressure from gravity and the upward bending force that occurs along the beam's length. Engineers must calculate these forces very carefully to ensure the structure is safe and does not fail under pressure.

We see cantilevers in many places. A common example is a balcony (37) __________ to the side of a building. It provides outdoor space without needing columns underneath. (38) __________, airplane wings are excellent examples; they are fixed to the plane's body at one end and must support the entire aircraft during flight.

The success of any cantilever design depends on its ability to handle different forces. This includes the beam's own weight and any additional weight placed (39) __________ it, such as cars on a bridge or snow on a roof. This combined weight is known as the structural (40) __________. The materials used must therefore be selected for their exceptional strength.

In conclusion, the cantilever is a fundamental concept in engineering. Though it appears simple, its application requires precise calculations to ensure safety. Its ability to create long, unsupported spans makes it an essential tool for architects, allowing for (41) __________ creative and functional designs in everything from skyscrapers and bridges to something as simple (42) __________ a bookshelf.

For many teenagers, the first solo journey abroad marks a significant step towards independence. The adventure often begins not in a new city, but in the vast, bustling environment of a major international airport. Hubs like Noi Bai in Hanoi or Tan Son Nhat in Ho Chi Minh City can seem like small cities themselves, filled with a confusing mix of signs, languages, and procedures. The initial excitement of travel can quickly be mixed with a sense of anxiety as you try to navigate this complex world for the first time.

The first major task is checking in. You must scan the giant departure boards, searching for your flight number to find the correct airline counter. The long queues and the sight of so many experienced travelers can make the process feel quite daunting. At the counter, you'll need to present your documents – typically your passport, visa (if required), and airline ticket. Successfully receiving your boarding pass is the first victory, a tangible piece of paper that proves you're on your way. It's a moment that replaces some of the initial fear with a small surge of confidence.

Next comes the security screening, often the most stressful part for new flyers. There are strict rules to follow, and everyone is moving quickly. You must place your carry-on luggage in trays, take out any laptops and large electronics, and remember the limits on liquids. The uniformed officers guide the process, but it can feel impersonal and confusing. This procedure is essential for everyone's safety, but understanding its flow beforehand can significantly reduce your stress levels.

Once you are through security, you enter the departures hall. This area is a maze of duty-free shops, restaurants, and endless gates. It's easy to get distracted, but your main priority is to find your boarding gate. Check your boarding pass for the gate number, but more importantly, keep an eye on the flight information screens scattered throughout the terminal. Gates can sometimes change at the last minute. Managing your time well here is crucial; you need to get to your gate with plenty of time to spare before boarding begins.

Finally, you'll hear the announcement for your flight. At the gate, there is one last check of your boarding pass and passport before you walk down the jet bridge and onto the plane. Finding your seat and stowing your luggage is the last step. As you settle in, a powerful feeling of accomplishment washes over you. You have successfully navigated the airport's challenges all by yourself. This first successful solo navigation is more than just the start of a trip; it's a powerful boost to your self-reliance and confidence for all future adventures.