Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-45

Nuclear power plants (35) __________ a significant amount of electricity for countries around the world. At the heart of this technology is a process that harnesses the immense power locked inside atoms. Unlike burning coal or gas, nuclear energy does not produce greenhouse gases. The fundamental principle is converting the energy from an atom's core into electrical energy through a series of controlled steps.

The process begins by (36) __________ the nucleus of a heavy atom, usually uranium, into smaller parts. This process, known as fission, releases (37) __________ enormous amount of energy in the form of heat and radiation, along with extra neutrons. Splitting the atom is the critical first step that initiates the entire energy creation sequence within the nuclear reactor.

The released neutrons are key to continuing the process. They can then hit other uranium atoms, causing them to split as well. (38) __________, this creates a self-sustaining chain reaction. This reaction must be carefully controlled with special rods that can absorb neutrons; otherwise, the heat produced would become too great and could damage the facility.

The intense heat produced by fission is used to boil vast quantities of water, creating high-pressure steam. This steam is then carefully channeled. If the steam (39) __________ properly, the turbine would not spin. The spinning turbine powers a (40) __________, which is the machine that actually produces electricity for our homes and industries.

In conclusion, nuclear energy is created through a clear process. A chief engineer once emphasized that safety was (41) __________. He explained that the staff (42) __________ any warnings lightly, ensuring the plant operated securely. The transformation from a tiny atom to large-scale electricity is a remarkable feat of modern engineering.

Have you ever found yourself excitedly waiting for a midnight flash sale on Shopee or Tiki? You see the countdown clock ticking, your desired item showing 'Only 10 left in stock', and you feel a rush to click 'Buy Now' before it's gone. This thrilling experience isn't just about getting a good discount. It's a carefully engineered event that combines powerful psychology with advanced technology to encourage you to spend. Understanding the science behind these sales can help you become a more conscious consumer.

The primary psychological tool used in flash sales is the creation of Urgency. E-commerce platforms achieve this through several methods. Countdown timers, for example, create a deadline, activating a psychological trigger known as 'Fear of Missing Out' (FOMO). When you see that a deal will expire in ten minutes, your brain perceives the opportunity as more valuable and pushes you to make a quick decision. Similarly, messages showing limited stock ('Only 5 left!') employ the principle of scarcity, making an item seem more desirable because it might soon be unavailable.

Behind the scenes, sophisticated technology is working just as hard. E-commerce platforms like Tiki and Shopee use complex algorithms to analyze your browsing history, searches, and past purchases. This allows them to present you with personalized recommendations that are incredibly tempting. Furthermore, these companies invest heavily in their technical infrastructure to manage the enormous traffic spikes during major sales events like 11/11. It needs to be robust enough to handle millions of users at once, ensuring a smooth and fast checkout process, which is critical for converting interest into a sale.

Two other effective tactics are social proof and gamification. Social proof involves showing potential buyers that a product is popular. When you see a label like '10,000+ sold' or read numerous positive reviews, you are more likely to trust the product's quality and make a purchase. Gamification turns the shopping experience into a game. Activities like collecting daily vouchers, shaking your phone for coins, or playing mini-games to win further discounts increase your engagement with the app, making you feel rewarded and more inclined to shop.

In conclusion, the flash sales that captivate so many of us are not random events. They are a masterclass in digital marketing, blending psychological principles like urgency and social proof with powerful technology like personalization algorithms. By being aware of these strategies, you are better equipped to navigate the exciting world of online shopping, making choices that are smart and satisfying, not just impulsive.