Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-34

Have you ever wondered why our year has 365 days, but a year on another planet might be much shorter or longer? The answer lies in basic celestial mechanics. A planet's 'year' is the time it takes to (35) __________ one full journey, or revolution, around its star. This period is determined by the planet's orbit—the path it follows through space. Each planet in our solar system travels around the Sun, but not all of them take the same amount of time to finish their trip.

Let's take our home, Earth. Its orbit around the Sun is a very long journey. The time it takes for Earth to travel this entire path is approximately 365.25 days. (36) __________ is what we define as one Earth year and why we add a leap day to our calendar every four years. This concept of a year is entirely based on our planet's movement through space, a fundamental cycle of time for us.

Now, consider other planets. Mercury, the planet closest to the Sun, has a much smaller orbit. Because its path is shorter, its year is only 88 Earth days long. In contrast, Mars is farther from the Sun than Earth is. Consequently, Mars's orbit is larger, and it has a (37) __________ journey to make. A year on Mars is much longer, lasting about 687 Earth days, which is almost twice as long as Earth's year.

(38) __________ does the orbital path get larger for distant planets, but their travel speed also decreases. They move more slowly due to the star's weaker gravitational pull. Therefore, they have to (39) __________ a greater distance at a slower speed. For this reason, we (40) __________ conclude that a planet's distance from its star is the most important factor that influences the length of its year.

(41) __________, the length of a 'year' is unique to each planet because of its position. The (42) __________ path a planet follows around its star, called an orbit, and the speed at which it travels, both depend on this position. From the swift 88-day year of Mercury to the nearly two-year-long journey of Mars, each planet's calendar is a unique result of its place in the solar system.

In early 2020, as the COVID-19 pandemic swept across the globe, Ho Chi Minh City, like many other major urban centers, entered a period of strict social distancing. While necessary for public health, these measures had a severe economic impact. Many people, especially those who earned a daily wage like street vendors and construction workers, suddenly found themselves without an income and struggling to afford basic necessities, including food. It was in this challenging environment that a remarkable and creative solution appeared on a city sidewalk: the 'gao ATM', or rice ATM.

The machine was the brainchild of Hoàng Tuấn Anh, a local entrepreneur. His invention was elegantly simple yet highly effective. People in need could approach the machine, press a button, and a dispenser would release a bag containing about 1.5 kilograms of rice into their waiting bags. The entire process was automated, requiring no direct human-to-human interaction, which was crucial for preventing the spread of the virus. A camera was installed nearby, not for surveillance, but to allow operators to see if someone needed help and to monitor the rice supply, ensuring the machine never ran empty for long.

The response was immediate and overwhelming. Lines of people, wearing masks and standing two meters apart, formed in an orderly fashion to receive their portion of rice. The story of this compassionate invention quickly gained national attention, with news outlets like VTV featuring it in their reports. Inspired by Hoàng Tuấn Anh's initiative, other individuals and organizations across Vietnam began to set up their own rice ATMs. Soon, similar rice-dispensing machines appeared in other cities like Hanoi, Hue, and Da Nang. They too wanted to support their local communities in a safe and dignified manner, proving that a good idea could spread just as fast as the virus it was designed to fight.

What made the rice ATM so special was not just the free food, but the philosophy behind it. Hoàng Tuấn Anh explained that he wanted to ensure that people could receive help without feeling like they were losing their dignity. The automated nature of the machine meant there was no need to ask anyone for help directly. It was a system built on trust and respect. This act of practical kindness demonstrated a deep compassion for fellow citizens, reinforcing the strong sense of community and solidarity that Vietnam is known for, especially during difficult times.

Ultimately, the rice ATM became more than just a food distribution system. It transformed into a powerful national symbol of innovation, resilience, and unity. It showed the world, and especially young Vietnamese, that one person's empathy and practical problem-solving skills could spark a nationwide movement of kindness, providing not only nourishment for the body but also hope for the spirit.