Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-32

The wheel and axle is one of the six classical simple machines and a cornerstone of modern engineering. At its core, the design is straightforward: it consists of a large circular disc, the wheel, which is firmly attached to a smaller central rod called the axle. When one part turns, the other part turns with it. This simple combination is the basis for countless inventions that shape our world.

The primary purpose of a wheel and axle is to make work easier. One way it achieves this is by making the movement of heavy objects much (35) __________. Imagine trying to drag a heavy box across the floor. Now, imagine putting that same box on a cart with wheels. The cart rolls smoothly because wheels reduce the resistance, or friction, between the object and the ground.

When the large wheel is turned, the narrower axle also (36) __________, but with greater force. This principle is perfectly demonstrated by a common doorknob. A small, gentle turn on the knob (the wheel) generates enough force in the axle to move the latch inside the door. Because of this, you (37) __________ open a heavy door with very little effort. This multiplication of force is a key advantage.

Examples of the wheel and axle are everywhere. From the wheels on a car to the swivel casters on an office chair, the system allows for smooth and (38) __________ movement. The main goal is to (39) __________ friction, allowing objects to roll instead of being scraped across a surface. Even a simple screwdriver works on this principle, where the handle is the wheel and the metal shaft is the axle.

The wheel's large circumference means it travels a greater distance than the axle in a single turn. (40) __________ provides a mechanical advantage, making it a powerful tool. So critical is this invention that (41) __________ could we imagine our modern world without it. (42) __________, the wheel and axle is a simple but brilliant innovation that has been fundamental to human progress for thousands of years.

In the busy streets of Vietnamese cities like Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, a unique type of business is quietly challenging perceptions and creating opportunities. These are not typical spas, but social enterprises, often run by and for the blind and visually impaired. At places like the well-known Omamori Spa, the atmosphere is calm and professional. Here, the focus is not on what the therapists cannot do, but on the exceptional skill they possess in their hands, offering a service that is both therapeutic and a powerful statement of inclusion.

For many visually impaired people in Vietnam, finding stable employment can be a significant hurdle due to social stigmas and a lack of accessible opportunities. Social enterprises address this challenge directly. They are built on a sustainable business model, not charity, aiming to provide dignified work that offers financial independence. By creating a professional environment where skills are valued over disabilities, these centers empower their employees, allowing them to build careers, support their families, and participate fully in the economy.

The success of these massage centers lies in a fascinating paradox: what might be seen as a disadvantage becomes a remarkable strength. Visually impaired therapists often develop an extraordinarily heightened sense of touch. Without visual distractions, They can focus entirely on the muscles and tissues under their fingers, detecting knots and tension with a precision that sighted therapists may not achieve. This enhanced sensory ability allows them to provide a deeply effective and intuitive massage, turning their condition into a unique professional asset.

The impact of these businesses extends far beyond their employees. Every customer who walks through their doors participates in a subtle but important social change. They experience firsthand the high level of skill and professionalism of the therapists, which directly challenges any preconceived notions or stereotypes about disability. This positive interaction fosters greater understanding and respect within the community. Consequently, the business model serves a dual purpose: it is a financially viable enterprise that also functions as an effective tool for social advocacy.

Ultimately, massage centers run by the blind are more than just places to get a good massage. They are powerful examples of social entrepreneurship in action. They demonstrate that a business can be profitable while also solving a critical social problem, proving that creating an inclusive society is not only a moral goal but also a smart and sustainable business strategy. They offer a profound lesson in seeing ability where others might only see disability.