Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-26

Your mouth is home to a team of specialized tools designed for the first step of digestion. Not all teeth are the same; in fact, their different shapes and sizes are related to their specific jobs. Having a variety of teeth is a biological (35) __________ that allows us to eat a wide range of foods, from soft fruits to tough meats. This variety ensures that food is properly prepared for the stomach.

The journey begins with the incisors. These are the eight thin, flat teeth at the (36) __________ of your mouth, four on top and four on the bottom. Their main purpose is for cutting food. Think of them as the scissors of your mouth. Without them, you (37) __________ not be able to bite into an apple or a sandwich with ease.

Next to the incisors are the canines, which are the sharpest teeth in your mouth. Humans have four canines, two on the top and two on the bottom. They have a pointed surface designed specifically for tearing food, especially tougher items like meat. (38) __________ makes them similar to the teeth found in many carnivorous animals.

At the back of the mouth are the premolars and molars. Molars are the (39) __________ and strongest of all the teeth. Their large, flat surfaces have ridges that are perfect for chewing and grinding. Their primary function is to (40) __________ food into small, easily swallowable pieces before it continues its journey through the digestive system.

Protecting all these teeth is a hard substance called enamel. (41) __________ is this layer important for preventing cavities, but it is also the hardest substance in the human body. (42) __________, each type of tooth performs a unique and vital task, working together as a highly efficient team to begin the process of digestion.

In Vietnam, the concept of 'lễ phép' is a cornerstone of social etiquette, taught from a very young age. It is a complex system of respectful behavior, language, and gestures shown towards elders and those in positions of authority, such as parents, teachers, and older relatives. This deeply ingrained cultural value emphasizes social hierarchy and harmony. For generations, 'lễ phép' has been the invisible thread that holds the fabric of society together, ensuring that interactions between different age groups are smooth and respectful. But as Vietnam rapidly modernizes, a question arises: does this traditional practice still have a place in the fast-paced, globalized world of today's teenagers?

Traditionally, 'lễ phép' is seen as essential for maintaining social order. Its benefits are divided into two main categories: verbal and non-verbal expressions of respect. Verbal politeness includes using specific honorific titles when addressing elders (like 'thưa' and 'ạ') and speaking in a gentle, modest tone. Non-verbal actions are just as important; they include bowing your head slightly when greeting an elder, or handing and receiving items with both hands. These customs are not just about formality; they are a way for younger people to show gratitude for the wisdom and care they receive from their seniors, reinforcing family and community bonds.

However, the 21st century presents new challenges. The rise of social media and exposure to global cultures have introduced younger Vietnamese to more informal and direct communication styles. To some teenagers, the strict rules of traditional 'lễ phép' can feel restrictive and sometimes complicated. This shift can cause a significant gap between generations. An email to a teacher that a student considers friendly and efficient might be seen as disrespectful by the teacher. This clash between old expectations and new habits is a common source of friction and misunderstanding in many families and schools.

The solution may not be to abandon 'lễ phép', but to adapt it. The core values behind this tradition—kindness, empathy, and respect for others—are timeless and universal. The challenge for today's youth is to find new ways to express these values that feel authentic to them while still honoring their cultural heritage. For example, respectful disagreement or offering a well-reasoned opinion to an elder, if done politely, can be a modern form of 'lễ phép'. These modern adaptations are crucial; they allow the spirit of 'lễ phép' to survive and evolve, ensuring it remains relevant and meaningful for future generations.