Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-155

Every day, cities around the world produce enormous amounts of trash. Traditionally, this material is buried in large holes in the ground called landfills. However, landfills take up a lot of space and can pollute the environment. To solve this problem, some cities are using an innovative technology called Waste-to-Energy (WtE), which turns everyday garbage into a useful resource: electricity.

The process begins when garbage trucks arrive at a WtE plant. First, the trash (35) __________ to a large pit. From there, it is moved into a special, high-temperature furnace called an incinerator. Inside the incinerator, the trash is burned at extremely high temperatures, which greatly reduces its volume. The main (36) __________ of this controlled burning is the production of a massive amount of heat.

Next, the heat generated from burning the waste is not wasted. It is used to heat water in a large tank called a boiler. The intense heat causes the water to boil and transform (37) __________ high-pressure steam. This step is similar to how a traditional power plant works, but instead of using coal or gas as fuel, it uses the energy stored in our garbage.

This high-pressure steam is then directed through pipes to a machine called a turbine, which has many blades. The force of the steam causes the turbine to spin at a very high speed. The spinning turbine is connected to a generator, and its movement is used to (38) __________ electricity. (39) __________, filters are used to clean the gases produced during burning before they are released into the atmosphere, which helps to minimize air pollution. The final electricity is sent out through the power grid to homes and businesses (40) __________ need it.

In conclusion, the WtE process is a clever way to manage waste and create energy simultaneously. It transforms something we want to get rid of into a (41) __________ resource. Although it's not a perfect solution for all waste problems, (42) __________ modern cities now consider it an important part of their environmental strategy, helping them to reduce landfills and provide power to their citizens.

For many students, the school day is just the beginning. After classes end, a world of extracurricular activities like sports, music, debate clubs, and volunteering opens up. However, with heavy homework loads, some teenagers wonder if they have time for anything besides studying. They might see these activities as just for fun, a distraction from the main goal of getting good grades. But this view is shortsighted. Participating in activities outside the classroom is not a waste of time; it's a powerful investment in your personal development and future success.

The most immediate benefits of joining a club or team are the skills you acquire. While academic subjects teach you knowledge, extracurriculars teach you how to apply it in the real world. Playing on a basketball team, for instance, develops teamwork and discipline. Leading a school project teaches responsibility and leadership. These 'soft skills' are essential for success in any career. They are practical abilities that employers and universities value highly because they demonstrate a person's ability to collaborate and contribute effectively.

Beyond skills, extracurricular involvement significantly boosts your university applications. Admissions officers at top universities review thousands of applications from students with high grades. What makes an applicant stand out? It is often their commitment to activities outside of academics. These activities show passion, dedication, and the ability to manage time effectively. When they see a long-term commitment to a sports team or a volunteer organization, it tells them the student is a well-rounded individual, not just a test score.

This idea of contributing to a community is strong in Vietnamese culture. A great example is the 'Mùa Hè Xanh' (Green Summer) campaign, where university students volunteer in rural areas during their summer break. This tradition shows how extracurricular activities can extend beyond personal benefit to create a positive impact on society. Participating in such volunteer work not only helps others but also builds character, empathy, and a deeper understanding of one's own country. These are qualities that cannot be learned from a textbook.

Ultimately, the choice is not between studying and having fun. The real goal is to find a healthy balance. Joining a club or a team doesn't have to mean lower grades; in fact, it can lead to better focus and time management. By exploring your interests through these activities, you build a stronger profile for your future, develop crucial life skills, and make meaningful friendships along the way. So, find something you're passionate about and get involved. The rewards will be far greater than you imagine.