Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-140

Coral reefs are among the most diverse ecosystems on Earth. Often called the "rainforests of the sea," these underwater structures are built by tiny organisms. A coral reef is a complex community that supports an incredible variety of life, making it a vital part of the marine environment. The vibrant colors and bustling activity of a reef are a sign of its health and importance.

The fundamental structure of a reef is made up (35) __________ tiny animals called coral polyps. These polyps, (36) __________ are related to jellyfish, build hard, protective skeletons around themselves from calcium carbonate. Over thousands of years, the skeletons of millions of polyps grow together to form the massive structures that we recognize as coral reefs.

Inside their tissues, coral polyps host microscopic algae. This is a mutually (37) __________ relationship, known as symbiosis. The algae use sunlight to produce food, which they share with the coral, and in return, the coral provides a protected home for the algae. This partnership also gives corals their brilliant colors.

(38) __________ they cover less than 1% of the ocean floor, coral reefs support about 25% of all marine species. In these ecosystems, shelter (39) __________ for countless marine creatures, from small fish and invertebrates to larger animals like sharks and sea turtles. The overall (40) __________ of this biodiversity is a healthy and balanced marine food web.

(41) __________ species of fish, crabs, and turtles depend on them for food and safety. For this reason, it is crucial that we understand the threats they face from pollution and climate change. We must take (42) __________ to protect these fragile and essential ecosystems for future generations.

In Vietnam and across the globe, the dream of becoming a TikTok star is captivating a generation of teenagers. Watching local creators gain millions of followers and national recognition makes the path to online fame seem exciting and accessible. Many young people see creating viral videos as a fun hobby or even a potential career. However, behind the trending dances and funny skits, there is a growing concern about the intense pressure to 'go viral' and its significant, often negative, impact on the mental health of young creators.

The primary issue is the psychological toll. The desire for likes, comments, and shares can create a cycle of anxiety. Creators feel a constant pressure to produce new, engaging content daily. This is often coupled with the damaging habit of comparing their own success to that of more popular influencers, leading to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. Furthermore, the fear of negative comments and online criticism can be overwhelming, making the digital world feel like a hostile environment rather than a creative one.

This pressure can also push teenagers towards risky behavior. To stand out in a sea of content, some feel they must participate in extreme or dangerous 'challenges'. News sites like VNExpress have reported on this phenomenon, where trends can sometimes lead to accidents. These challenges can be physically dangerous. They are often copied by thousands of young people who may not fully understand the risks involved, all for a brief moment of online attention. The fame gained from one viral video is often temporary, creating even more pressure to replicate that success.

Of course, using social media isn't inherently bad. It can be a wonderful creative outlet, a way to share talents like drawing or singing, and a tool to build communities with people who have similar interests. The key is the user's mindset. A healthy approach involves creating content for fun and self-expression. An unhealthy obsession develops when a person's self-worth becomes tied to their online metrics, such as view counts and follower numbers. This can lead to them sacrificing sleep, studies, and real-life friendships.

Ultimately, it's crucial for teens to maintain a healthy perspective. The goal should be to enjoy the process of creating, not to desperately chase fame. It is important to remember that online validation is fleeting, while real-life connections and a strong sense of self are far more valuable. Your worth isn't measured in views or likes, but in who you are offline. Balancing online activities with real-world experiences is the best way to navigate the exciting but complex world of social media.