Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-137

What makes a train "high-speed"? Generally, these are railway systems that (35) __________ at speeds significantly faster than conventional trains. While a regular passenger train might travel at 120 km/h, the most modern high-speed trains can achieve average speeds of over 250 km/h. They represent (36) __________ major leap in land transportation, connecting cities hundreds of kilometers apart in just a few hours.

This incredible speed is not possible on standard railway lines. High-speed trains require specially built tracks, which are constructed from stronger materials and have gentler curves. This design minimizes friction and ensures stability at high velocities. (37) __________, significant investment is needed to build and maintain this dedicated infrastructure, which is a key characteristic that separates high-speed rail from traditional networks.

Beyond the tracks, the technology of the trains themselves is completely different. Their design is highly aerodynamic, meaning their shape is made to reduce air resistance, much like an airplane. These trains don't use conventional engines; instead, they (38) __________ powerful electric motors and advanced control systems. This technology, which is managed by complex computers, ensures the journey is not only faster but also much smoother than on an older train.

The advanced engineering allows the train (39) __________ with remarkable efficiency and safety. The passenger experience is also a priority, with cabins designed to be quiet and comfortable despite the immense speeds. Everything about these systems is (40) __________, from the braking systems to the signaling technology. A transportation company recently announced that it (41) __________ an even faster model next year, pushing the boundaries of what is possible.

The difference in technology is stark. If conventional trains (42) __________ on these special tracks, they still would not achieve the same performance due to their design limitations. The combination of unique tracks, aerodynamic bodies, and powerful electric propulsion is what truly defines a high-speed train, making it one of the most impressive feats of modern engineering.

Have you ever scrolled through your mom’s Facebook page and suddenly seen a picture of yourself as a baby, wearing a silly hat? Or maybe a post celebrating your latest school report card for all her friends to see? This common practice, where parents share details and photos of their children online, is called 'sharenting'. In many cultures, including Vietnam, it is a way for parents to express pride and joy. However, as teenagers become more aware of their own identity, this raises an important question: where is the line between a parent's pride and a child's right to privacy?

From a parent's point of view, sharing these moments often comes from a place of love. They want to keep family members who live far away updated, or simply create a digital album of precious memories. In Vietnam, it's a cultural norm to publicly celebrate a child's achievements, and social media makes this easier than ever. Many parents are not aware of the potential negative consequences and believe they are only doing something positive. They may not think to ask for consent, assuming their child wouldn't mind.

For teenagers, however, the perspective can be very different. The primary concern is privacy. As you get older, you want more control over your own image and story. The photos and information your parents post create a permanent digital record. These records become part of a 'digital footprint'—a trail of your online activity that can last forever. They can be seen by university admissions officers, future employers, or even just classmates, who might use an embarrassing photo to tease you. This digital identity is being built for you, not by you.

Beyond potential embarrassment, there are serious long-term risks associated with sharenting. Sharing photos that contain identifiable information, such as a school uniform or a favorite local park, can create security vulnerabilities. In more extreme cases, these photos can be stolen by strangers and used for 'digital kidnapping'—creating fake profiles or using the images for malicious purposes. Oversharing can inadvertently provide a roadmap to a child's life, which can be dangerous in the wrong hands. The result of a simple, proud post can sometimes be a serious threat to a child's safety.

Finding a solution doesn't mean parents must stop sharing completely. Instead, it requires open communication and mutual respect. The best approach is for families to work together. Teenagers can express their feelings calmly and explain their concerns about their digital footprint. In turn, parents can agree to ask for permission before posting. Together, families can establish clear rules, such as 'no embarrassing photos,' 'no location tags,' or agreeing to review privacy settings on social media accounts. This collaborative effort helps protect the child's privacy while still allowing parents to share their proud moments responsibly.