Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-13

Hydroelectric power is a leading source of renewable energy. (35) __________ the power of moving water allows us to generate electricity cleanly. First, a massive dam is built across a river, creating a large reservoir behind it. This reservoir stores a vast quantity of water, which holds a lot of potential energy.

(36) __________ start the process, special gates in the dam are opened. Water from the reservoir is channeled into a large pipe called a penstock. Due to gravity, the water flows with immense force down the penstock, gaining speed and pressure along the way. The entire structure must be incredibly strong to (37) __________ this pressure.

At the bottom of the penstock, the fast-moving water strikes the blades of a turbine, causing it to spin rapidly. The turbine is connected by a long metal shaft to (38) __________ generator. As the turbine turns, it also turns the generator. Power plants often (39) __________ multiple turbine-generator units to produce enough electricity.

Inside the generator, powerful magnets are used to convert the mechanical energy of the spinning shaft into electrical energy. An engineer once stated that the generator (40) __________ the most crucial component for this conversion. Finally, transmission lines carry this electricity from the power plant to our homes, schools, and businesses.

After passing through the turbine, the water is released back into the river. (41) __________, this process is an efficient way to produce power without burning fossil fuels. If we didn't use technologies like this, our carbon footprint (42) __________ significantly larger.

From Ho Chi Minh City to Hanoi, it's impossible to miss the vibrant shops of bubble tea brands like Phuc Long and Gong Cha. This sweet, milky drink, originating from Taiwan, has become a global phenomenon, especially among young people. Its photogenic nature makes it a star on social media platforms like Instagram and TikTok, where teenagers share their colorful creations. In Vietnam, bubble tea is more than just a drink; it's a central part of social life, a reason for friends to gather after a long day at school.

But what makes bubble tea so appealing? A key factor is its customizability. Customers can choose their preferred tea base, milk type, ice level, and, most importantly, sugar percentage. This makes the drink incredibly versatile, catering to a wide range of tastes. The second major draw is the toppings. From the classic chewy tapioca pearls to fruit jellies and creamy cheese foam, these additions provide a unique texture and flavor experience that transforms a simple drink into a 'drinkable dessert'. This combination of personal choice and sensory pleasure is a winning formula.

However, health experts have raised concerns about the frequent consumption of bubble tea. The primary issue is the high sugar content. A standard 500ml cup of bubble tea can contain as much sugar as a can of soda, sometimes more. Regularly consuming high levels of added sugar is linked to health problems like weight gain and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, the signature tapioca pearls are essentially starchy balls with little nutritional value. They are high in carbohydrates and calories, which contribute significantly to the drink's overall calorie count without providing any vitamins or minerals.

This doesn't mean you have to give up bubble tea completely. The key is mindful consumption. Being an informed consumer allows you to enjoy this treat responsibly. For instance, you can make healthier choices by opting for lower sugar levels (like 30% or 50%), choosing smaller cup sizes, or simply having it less often. Some shops now offer healthier alternatives like fresh fruit toppings instead of tapioca pearls. By understanding the ingredients, you can control what you consume and find a balance that works for you.

In conclusion, bubble tea's popularity is undeniable, rooted in its customizability and social significance. While it presents valid health concerns due to its sugar and calorie content, it can still be enjoyed as an occasional treat. The power lies with the consumer to make smart choices, turning a potential health problem back into the sweet, enjoyable drink it was meant to be.