Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-120

The construction of a spider's web is one of nature's most impressive engineering feats. A spider creates its web using a special protein-based silk, a material that comes from (35) __________ spinnerets, which are special organs on its abdomen. This silk is not only strong but also incredibly flexible, allowing the web to withstand wind and the struggles of trapped insects. The entire process follows a logical and predictable sequence of steps, resulting in a structure that is both beautiful and highly functional for catching prey.

The process (36) __________ when the spider releases a single, thin thread of silk into the wind, hoping it will catch onto a distant object like a branch or a leaf. This first thread, known as the bridge line, is incredibly (37) __________ but strong. Once the end of the thread attaches to a surface, the spider pulls it tight and secures it, forming the first foundation of its new home. This initial step is critical and depends heavily on air currents.

Next, the spider walks carefully (38) __________ the new bridge line, often reinforcing it with a second or third thread to make it stronger. From the center of this bridge line, it drops another thread downwards, attaching it to a lower point to create a 'Y' shape. This forms the first three radial lines of the web. (39) __________, the spider proceeds to build the outer frame and adds more radial lines, which spread out from the center like the spokes of a wheel.

With the frame and radial lines complete, the spider begins to spin a temporary, non-sticky spiral. This auxiliary spiral starts from the center and moves outwards, acting as a guide and providing stability during construction. It is not very (40) __________ at trapping insects. Once this is done, the spider starts its journey again from the outside edge, this time laying down the capture spiral, (41) __________ is coated with a sticky substance designed to catch prey. As it lays the sticky line, it removes the temporary spiral.

Finally, with the intricate structure complete, the spider will often sit in the center of the web or hide nearby, keeping a (42) __________ watch for the vibrations made by an insect caught in the sticky threads. The web is not just a trap but also a complex communication system, telling the spider the size and location of its next meal. This remarkable process showcases the spider's innate ability as a master builder, turning simple silk into a sophisticated tool for survival.

In today's digital age, the camera you carry everywhere is likely the one in your pocket. The quality of smartphone cameras has skyrocketed, fueling the rise of mobile photography as a legitimate art form and powering social media trends like Vietnam's 'sống ảo' (virtual living) culture. This raises a fascinating question: can a smartphone, with all its smart software, truly compete with a dedicated professional camera, like a DSLR? The answer isn't a simple yes or no; it depends on what you value in a photograph.

The secret to a smartphone's power lies not in its hardware alone, but in its sophisticated software. Modern phones rely on something called computational photography. This clever technology uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) to quickly capture and combine several images into a single, highly detailed shot. Features like Night Mode, which brightens dark scenes, or Portrait Mode, which artfully blurs the background, are all results of this processing. The phone essentially 'thinks' for you, using algorithms to overcome the physical limitations of its small lens and sensor.

On the other hand, professional cameras still hold a significant advantage in pure image quality, thanks to fundamental physics. They are equipped with much larger sensors and high-quality, interchangeable lenses. A larger sensor can capture significantly more light and information, which results in photos with better detail, less noise (graininess) in dark conditions, and a more natural-looking depth of field. For a photographer who needs to print images in a large format or have maximum creative control, the superior hardware of a DSLR is indispensable.

However, the debate over technology often misses the most crucial component: the photographer. A powerful camera in the hands of an amateur will likely produce a boring photo, while a skilled artist can create a masterpiece with just a basic phone. The principles of what makes a great image—compelling composition, an understanding of light, and the ability to tell a story—are universal. Mastering these skills is far more important than owning the most expensive gear. The tool is secondary to the vision behind it.

Ultimately, the gap between smartphone and professional cameras is closing, but a distinction remains. For everyday moments, social media, and spontaneous snapshots, your smartphone is a wonderfully capable tool. But for professional applications where ultimate quality and versatility are required, dedicated cameras still reign supreme. The best advice for any aspiring photographer is to learn the craft, because the best camera is always the one you have with you and know how to use.