Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-12

A Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system (35) __________ a high-quality, bus-based transit system that delivers fast, comfortable, and cost-effective services. It aims to provide the capacity and speed of a light rail or metro system, but with the flexibility and lower implementation cost of a standard bus system, making it a popular choice for growing cities.

A defining characteristic of BRT is its use of dedicated lanes. These are lanes on the road used exclusively by BRT buses, which prevents them from getting stuck in general traffic. This is a key way to reduce (36) __________ and make travel times shorter and more reliable. (37) __________ cities have found this feature essential for improving public transport during busy rush hour periods.

BRT systems also feature unique stations. Passengers wait in stations that are similar (38) __________ train platforms, rather than simple bus stops. A major advantage is platform-level boarding, where the station floor and the bus floor are at the same height. This has a positive (39) __________ on boarding speed, allowing many people to get on and off quickly.

The experience is quite different from a regular bus ride. Standard city buses must share lanes with cars and often stop frequently. (40) __________, BRT buses travel in their exclusive lanes and stop at fewer, more spaced-out stations. This creates a system (41) __________ is often as fast as a subway for many urban journeys.

In conclusion, BRT is an (42) __________ and practical solution for urban mobility challenges. By combining the best features of bus and rail systems, it offers an attractive public transport alternative that can help decrease road congestion and improve the overall quality of city life.

Every year, as the rainy season arrives, Vietnam braces for typhoon season. The country's long coastline, especially the central region, is particularly vulnerable to these powerful storms, which can cause significant damage to property and infrastructure, and pose a serious threat to human life. In recent years, scientists have observed that global climate change is making these weather events more intense. This means that typhoons are becoming stronger and more destructive, making preparation more critical than ever for coastal communities.

Leading the national effort is the Vietnam Disaster Management Authority (VNDMA). This government agency has the crucial responsibility of monitoring storms and issuing timely warnings to the public. They use a clear system to communicate the level of threat, helping people understand the danger. The VNDMA is also in charge of coordinating evacuation plans for areas at high risk and disseminating vital information through various channels like television, radio, and mobile phone alerts. Their goal is to ensure that every citizen, from those in bustling cities to remote villages, receives the necessary information to stay safe.

While the government plays a key role, individual and family preparedness is just as important. Every household in a storm-prone area should have a plan. This begins with creating an emergency kit containing non-perishable food, bottled water, a first-aid guide, essential medicines, and a flashlight with extra batteries. It should be stored in an easily accessible place. Furthermore, families should secure their homes by reinforcing windows, clearing drains to prevent flooding, and trimming large tree branches that could fall. Staying informed by listening to official news and heeding evacuation orders is a non-negotiable part of the plan.

Beyond the family unit, community resilience is a powerful defense against typhoons. Strong communities are those where neighbors look out for one another. This could mean helping an elderly neighbor secure their home or sharing resources with a family that is less prepared. This spirit of cooperation is vital for protecting the most vulnerable members of society. After the storm has passed, the danger is not over. It's crucial to be cautious of fallen power lines, unstable structures, and contaminated floodwaters. Listening to authorities for the 'all-clear' signal is essential before resuming normal activities.

In conclusion, while typhoons are an unavoidable natural hazard for Vietnam, their impact can be significantly mitigated. A combination of effective government warnings, diligent family preparation, and strong community spirit creates a multi-layered defense that can save lives and protect property, turning a potential catastrophe into a managed challenge.