Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-113

Have you ever wondered about the clothes you wear? While some fabrics like cotton come from plants, many others are man-made. Nylon is a well-known example of a synthetic fabric, and its creation is (35) __________ fascinating scientific process. This process starts not on a farm, but in a laboratory, with raw materials that are very different from the final product.

The basic ingredients for nylon are chemicals which are derived from crude oil. These specific chemicals are combined in a high-pressure environment. This carefully controlled reaction creates long, repeating chains of molecules called (36) __________. These chains are what give synthetic fabrics their characteristic strength and durability. The entire mixture becomes a thick, hot liquid, ready for the next stage of production.

Next, the hot liquid polymer is forced through a special device with tiny holes, called a spinneret. This is similar to how a spider spins its web. As the liquid is pushed out of the holes, it quickly cools and solidifies, (37) __________ long, thin strands known as fibers. This step is critical for determining the thickness and texture of the final thread that will be used.

The newly formed fibers are not yet strong enough to be used in clothing. (38) __________, they are stretched to several times their original length. This stretching process, known as 'drawing', forces the polymer chains to align in a parallel structure. If the fibers (39) __________ stretched in this way, they would be weak and easily break. The alignment is what gives nylon its signature resilience and elasticity.

Finally, these strengthened fibers can be woven into fabric. The specific way they are woven (40) __________ different textures and properties in the final material. A leading textile engineer once remarked that the invention of nylon (41) __________ a new era for affordable and versatile clothing. Indeed, the ability to design materials with specific qualities (42) __________ in modern fashion, from high-performance sportswear to everyday wear.

The Tet holiday brings joy, family gatherings, and one particularly exciting tradition for young people: receiving 'lì xì'. Those crisp new banknotes or instant transfers to your e-wallet feel like a small fortune. But what happens after the initial excitement fades? This lucky money is more than just cash for treats; it's your first real opportunity to learn about managing your own finances, a skill that is becoming increasingly important in a world of digital payments with apps like MoMo.

Once the 'lì xì' is in your hands, you face a choice. The first path is immediate gratification: spending it all on snacks, movie tickets, or the latest mobile game skins. This is fun for a moment, but the money disappears quickly. The second path involves a more rewarding, long-term vision. This starts with asking yourself a fundamental question: "What do I really want to save for?" Maybe it's a new smartphone, a concert ticket, or a special gift for a family member. Having a clear goal provides the motivation to save.

So, how do you start saving effectively? A great strategy is to "pay yourself first." This means as soon as you receive your 'lì xì', you immediately put a portion—say, 30%—into savings before you spend any of it. Many e-wallets have built-in savings tools or "piggy banks" that can help. They can help you categorize your spending automatically, making it easy to see where your money is going. This simple habit of setting money aside first makes a huge difference.

Beyond just saving, a powerful tool for financial control is a budget. A budget isn't about preventing you from having fun; it's a plan that gives you power over your money. You decide how to allocate your 'lì xì' – for example, 50% for daily spending like bubble tea, 30% for your big saving goal, and 20% for unexpected fun. This plan helps you avoid the trap of small, frequent digital payments that seem harmless but add up quickly, draining your funds before you realize it.

Learning to manage your 'lì xì' money is not just about being able to buy nice things. It's about developing habits of responsibility, planning, and self-control. These skills are the foundation for future financial independence. So the next time you receive that red envelope, see it not just as money to spend, but as your first lesson in building a secure and successful financial future.