Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-109

In astronomy, the habitable zone is the region around a star where conditions might be just right for life. Planets that (35) __________ within this zone are not too hot and not too cold. The main factor determining this zone is the distance from the star, which directly affects a planet's surface temperature and its ability to support life as we know it.

This area is often nicknamed the 'Goldilocks Zone,' after the famous fairy tale character who wanted her porridge 'just right.' For a planet, 'just right' means having a temperature that allows for (36) __________ presence of liquid water. Finding this perfect temperature range is like (37) __________, as even small changes in distance can have huge effects.

The conditions are very specific. If a planet (38) __________ closer to its star, any surface water would boil away into space. On the other hand, a planet located too far from its star would be a frozen world, with all its water locked up as ice. (39) __________, a planet must orbit at a precise distance for liquid water to exist.

The search for planets in these zones is a major goal for astronomers. This process involves (40) __________ tiny dips in a star's light as a planet passes in front of it. Using advanced telescopes, scientists hope to (41) __________ more Earth-like planets, which they call exoplanets.

The discovery of these zones has changed how we view the universe. At a recent conference, one leading astronomer explained that his team (42) __________ a very promising exoplanet in its star's habitable zone just the previous year. This ongoing search continues to give us hope for finding life beyond Earth.

Rivers have always been the lifelines of civilizations, providing water for drinking, agriculture, and transport. They are vibrant ecosystems, home to countless species of plants and animals. However, many of the world's rivers are facing a silent crisis: pollution. Day after day, a dangerous mix of industrial discharge, agricultural runoff containing pesticides, and tons of plastic waste finds its way into these vital waterways, threatening the delicate balance of nature and the health of human communities that depend on them.

In Vietnam, this global issue has a very local face. Hanoi's To Lich River, for example, is a notorious case. While historical accounts describe it as a clear, poetic river that was a source of pride for the city's inhabitants, today it is known for its dark, polluted water and unpleasant smell. Once a symbol of the city's charm, it now represents a significant environmental challenge, prompting numerous discussions about restoration projects and the cost of urban development.

The consequences of such contamination are severe. Pollutants like heavy metals from factories and harmful bacteria from untreated sewage create a toxic environment. These substances harm aquatic life, leading to the death of fish and other organisms, which disrupts the entire food chain. For local communities, the effects are just as alarming. Using or coming into contact with contaminated water can lead to serious health problems, while the decline of fish populations can destroy the livelihoods of fishermen who have relied on the river for generations.

Tackling river pollution is a complex and challenging task. Governments and local authorities often initiate large-scale cleanup projects, which can involve dredging riverbeds and building advanced water treatment facilities. However, these projects are frequently expensive and slow to implement. Experts agree that technology and government policies alone are not enough. Real, lasting change requires community participation. Simple actions, when performed by many, can have a powerful impact. Reducing our use of single-use plastics, disposing of waste properly, and raising awareness are all crucial steps.

Ultimately, the health of our rivers is a mirror reflecting the health of our society. Their revival depends not just on ambitious projects, but on the collective will and shared responsibility of every citizen. For young people, understanding the state of your local river is the first step toward becoming an active participant in its protection. It's about securing a healthier, more sustainable environment for your own future and for generations to come.