Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHTN môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHTN-156

(23) __________. These weren't the items of someone just passing through the woods; they belonged to an active participant. (24) __________

3D printing is an amazing technology that can (25) __________ a digital design to life. It’s a process that transforms a file on a computer into a real, physical item. The journey begins not with the printer, but with a detailed 3D model. A designer (26) __________ this model using special computer-aided design (CAD) software. This software, (27) __________ is incredibly powerful, allows them to design almost anything imaginable, from a simple phone case to a complex medical implant. This digital blueprint is the essential first step.

The completed design is then sent to a 'slicer' program, where the 3D model (28) __________ into hundreds or thousands of thin, horizontal layers. Each layer is like a single, flat slice of the final object. (29) __________, the printer receives these sliced instructions and starts its work. It carefully adds material, such as melted plastic, layer by layer. Each new layer fuses with the one below it, gradually forming the complete and (30) __________ object from the bottom up.

Can a simple JPEG file be as valuable as a famous painting? Recently, the art world has been shaken by this idea due to Non-Fungible Tokens, or NFTs. Some digital artworks, which are essentially computer files, have sold for millions of dollars, making people question the very definition of art and value. This new trend is changing how we buy, sell, and appreciate creative works in our modern age.

So, what is an NFT? Think of it as a special digital certificate that proves you own a specific digital item. This certificate is recorded on a blockchain, a secure online ledger, making each one completely unique. When you buy a digital artwork as an NFT, you are not just buying the image file; you are buying this certificate of ownership. Because it is recorded publicly, everyone can see who the real owner is.

This new technology has created a lot of excitement, but also controversy. Supporters believe it gives digital artists, including a growing number in Vietnam, a new way to sell their work directly to a global audience, bypassing traditional art galleries. Organizations like the Vietnam NFT Union help local artists navigate this new market and showcase their talent worldwide.

However, critics have serious concerns. They argue that owning an NFT is not the same as owning a physical object. Others are worried about the large amount of electricity used by blockchain technology, which harms the environment. For teenagers living in a digital-first world, this debate is important. It challenges us to think about what 'ownership' means and how we decide what is valuable.

The rise of online shopping has introduced a major convenience: easy return policies. However, this has led to a wasteful phenomenon called 'bracketing', which is the habit of (37) __________, with the full intention of returning most of them. Shoppers feel more confident making these large purchases, (38) __________.

While this seems harmless, it has significant downsides. Many returned items are not simply put back on the shelf. This process creates a logistical challenge for retailers, (39) __________. More alarmingly, these products often cannot be resold as new and end up in landfills, (40) __________.

A. knowing they can easily send back what they don't want

B. contributing to a growing stream of packaging and transportation waste

C. ordering multiple sizes or colors of the same item

D. which increases their operational costs significantly