Đề Tiếng Anh ôn thi tốt nghiệp THPT năm 2025- Mã đề thi THPT-84

(18) __________. Nowhere is this celebration more iconic than in Rio de Janeiro, where millions of revelers and spectators converge for a five-day extravaganza. (19) __________, Carnival blends Catholic and African influences, manifesting in a dazzling display of music, dance, and elaborate costumes.

The epicenter of Rio's Carnival is the Sambodromo, a purpose-built parade avenue designed by the renowned architect Oscar Niemeyer. Here, samba schools, (20) __________, compete for the coveted title of Carnival champion. These schools devote months to preparing their performances, crafting dazzling floats, sewing thousands of shimmering costumes, and rehearsing their music and choreography to perfection.

The energy within the Sambodromo is electric as each samba school, (21) __________, parades down the avenue. Each school tells a story through its music, dance, and visual presentation, often addressing social or historical themes. The infectious rhythms of the samba, combined with the athleticism and artistry of the dancers, create an immersive experience that transcends mere spectacle.

(22) __________. Spontaneous celebrations erupt throughout the city as locals and tourists alike, adorned in colorful costumes, embrace the carefree spirit of Carnival. From the iconic beaches of Copacabana and Ipanema to the lively neighborhoods of Lapa and Santa Teresa, the city pulsates with music, dance, and contagious joy. This unparalleled fusion of cultural expression and unrestrained revelry makes Rio's Carnival a truly unforgettable experience.

Understanding global supply chains is essential in today's interconnected world. These intricate networks facilitate the journey of products from raw materials to finished goods, often spanning multiple countries and continents. Consider the smartphone in your pocket; its components likely originated from various corners of the globe, each stage of production contributing to the final product. The complexity of these chains highlights the interconnected nature of our globalized economy.

A simple t-shirt, for instance, might involve cotton grown in India, woven into fabric in China, dyed in Bangladesh, and finally, sewn together in Vietnam before landing on a store shelf in Europe or North America. This intricate process demonstrates the reliance of global supply chains on efficient transportation, communication, and international cooperation. Disruptions in any of these areas, such as natural disasters, political instability, or pandemics, can have cascading effects on the entire system.

The COVID-19 pandemic provided a stark illustration of this vulnerability. Lockdowns and border closures led to factory shutdowns, transportation bottlenecks, and widespread shortages of essential goods. Consumers experienced firsthand the fragility of global supply chains and the ripple effects of disruptions. This experience underscored the importance of diversification, resilience, and adaptability in mitigating future risks.

Furthermore, there is growing awareness of the ethical implications of global supply chains. Issues like fair labor practices, environmental sustainability, and human rights are coming under increasing scrutiny. Consumers are demanding greater transparency and accountability from corporations, pushing for ethical sourcing and responsible production practices. As global citizens, understanding the complexities and challenges within these intricate networks is crucial for informed decision-making and advocating for a more just and sustainable global economy.

[I] Ancient Greek philosophy, flourishing between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE, profoundly shaped Western thought. [II] Philosophers like Thales, considered the "father of science," began to move away from mythological explanations of the world and towards reason and observation. [III] This shift marked a crucial turning point, initiating the pursuit of knowledge based on logic and empirical evidence, a legacy that continues to underpin scientific inquiry today. [IV]

The development of logic as a formal system is another significant contribution attributed to the ancient Greeks, particularly Aristotle. He established the principles of deductive reasoning, including syllogisms, which provided a structured framework for analyzing arguments and establishing valid conclusions. This emphasis on logic significantly influenced the development of mathematics, science, and law, providing a basis for rigorous argumentation and proof still utilized in various fields. Aristotle's work on logic remains a cornerstone of critical thinking and continues to be studied and applied in modern academic disciplines.

The influence of Greek philosophy extends beyond abstract thought and into the realm of political and social structures. The concept of democracy, with its emphasis on citizen participation and self-governance, originated in ancient Greece, specifically Athens. The development of these city-states provided a testing ground for different political systems, including oligarchy and tyranny, and the ensuing debates and experiences offered valuable insights into the nature of governance, influencing later political theorists like Locke and Rousseau. The very words "politics" and "democracy" themselves derive from Greek roots, highlighting the enduring impact of Greek thought on our political lexicon and institutions.

Furthermore, Greek philosophy profoundly impacted the development of ethics. Thinkers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle explored questions of virtue, justice, and the good life, establishing the foundations of Western moral philosophy. Socratic questioning, with its emphasis on self-reflection and critical examination of beliefs, remains a powerful tool for moral reasoning. The exploration of ethical dilemmas and the pursuit of a virtuous life, as articulated by these philosophers, continues to resonate with contemporary ethical debates and provides a framework for navigating complex moral challenges.