Đề Tiếng Anh ôn thi tốt nghiệp THPT năm 2025- Mã đề thi THPT-162

(18) __________, but with towering limestone mountains instead of islands rising from the water. (19) __________, these dramatic formations create a landscape of breathtaking beauty. Visitors can explore a network of rivers and caves, often by traditional sampan boats rowed by local people.

One of the most popular destinations in Ninh Binh is Tam Coc, which translates to "three caves." Here, visitors can enjoy a leisurely boat ride down the Ngo Dong River, (20) __________ that pierce the heart of the mountains. The largest of these caverns, Hang Ca, stretches an impressive 127 meters. Another must-see destination is Trang An, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, where the combination of limestone peaks, emerald waters, and historic temples creates a truly magical atmosphere.

Beyond its scenic landscapes, Ninh Binh boasts a rich cultural heritage. The ancient capital of Hoa Lu, established in the 10th and 11th centuries, offers a glimpse into Vietnam's fascinating past with its well-preserved temples and royal palaces. For those seeking spiritual enlightenment, the Bich Dong Pagoda, (21) __________, provides a serene escape from the bustling cities.

(22) __________. From exploring ancient caves and temples to simply soaking in the tranquility of the countryside, "Halong Bay on Land" is sure to captivate travelers of all kinds.

A diverse diet, much like a vibrant ecosystem, is crucial for maintaining optimal health and well-being. Just as a monoculture farm is vulnerable to pests and diseases, relying on a limited range of foods can lead to nutritional deficiencies and increase the risk of chronic diseases. By consuming a variety of foods from all food groups - fruits, vegetables, grains, protein sources, and dairy - we provide our bodies with the essential vitamins, minerals, fiber, and antioxidants needed to thrive.

For instance, vitamin C, abundant in citrus fruits and berries, supports immune function, while iron, found in leafy greens and lean meats, is vital for oxygen transport. Each nutrient plays a unique role, and a deficiency in even one can have cascading effects on our health. These interconnected processes highlight the importance of a varied diet in ensuring that our bodies receive a balanced and adequate supply of essential nutrients.

Furthermore, dietary diversity expands our palate and introduces us to new flavors and culinary experiences. Exploring different cuisines and experimenting with unfamiliar ingredients can make mealtimes more enjoyable and prevent monotony. It can also foster a sense of cultural appreciation as we learn about the traditional foods and culinary practices of different societies.

Finally, a diverse diet is more sustainable in the long run. By reducing our reliance on a few staple crops, we contribute to greater biodiversity in agriculture and reduce the environmental impact of food production. Consuming seasonal fruits and vegetables, choosing locally sourced products, and incorporating plant-based protein sources are all steps toward a more diverse and sustainable dietary pattern.

Cooperation and competition are two fundamental dynamics that shape interactions within and between groups, from the smallest social units to entire nations. [I] These forces are not mutually exclusive but rather intertwined, often existing simultaneously and influencing one another. [II] For example, businesses within the same industry may band together to lobby for favorable regulations while simultaneously competing for market share. [III] A soccer team exemplifies this: players cooperate within their team to score goals, while simultaneously competing against the opposing team for victory. [IV]

This complex relationship between cooperation and competition also plays out in the natural world. Consider the behavior of lions. A pride of lions will cooperate to hunt large prey, sharing the spoils of their coordinated efforts. This cooperative hunting strategy allows them to take down animals much larger than any single lion could manage alone. However, within the pride, competition exists for dominance, mating rights, and access to food, especially when resources are scarce.

Ecosystems provide further evidence of this delicate balance. A coral reef is a vibrant example of a complex, interconnected environment. Within the reef, various species engage in a constant give-and-take of cooperation and competition. Cleaner fish, for instance, establish symbiotic relationships with larger fish, removing parasites in exchange for a meal and protection. Simultaneously, different coral species compete for space and sunlight on the reef, showcasing the constant push and pull of these two driving forces. This delicate interplay is essential for maintaining the biodiversity and overall health of the reef ecosystem.

Understanding the dynamics of cooperation and competition provides valuable insights into the complexities of human and natural systems. By recognizing how these forces operate and influence one another, we can better navigate social interactions, develop effective strategies in business, and implement policies that promote both individual and collective well-being. From the smallest biological interactions to the largest global collaborations, the interplay of cooperation and competition shapes the world around us.