Đề Tiếng Anh ôn thi tốt nghiệp THPT năm 2025- Mã đề thi THPT-161

Cancer, a term that strikes fear into many, is not a single disease but rather a group of over 100 different diseases. (18) __________ cancer can affect any part of the body. (19) __________, invading surrounding tissues and organs. This uncontrolled growth can lead to the formation of masses of tissue known as tumors.

However, not all tumors are cancerous. Benign tumors, while abnormal, are non-cancerous and typically grow slowly without spreading to other parts of the body. Malignant tumors, on the other hand, are cancerous. (20) __________ a process known as invasion, and even spread to distant parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, a process known as metastasis.

The causes of cancer are complex and varied, often involving a combination of genetic and environmental factors. (21) __________ can increase our susceptibility to certain types of cancer. For example, mutations in genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2 significantly increase the risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer.

(22) __________. In fact, according to the World Health Organization, tobacco use is responsible for approximately 22% of cancer deaths worldwide. Understanding the different types of cancer, their causes, and the mechanisms by which they develop is crucial for effective prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

The increasing sophistication of artificial intelligence (AI) has sparked a fascinating debate: can machines truly rival human intelligence? On one hand, AI excels in specific tasks like playing chess or analyzing massive datasets, often surpassing human capabilities. For example, in 1997, IBM's Deep Blue defeated chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov, demonstrating the immense processing power of AI. Similarly, AI algorithms now diagnose diseases from medical images with accuracy rivaling experienced physicians.

These achievements have led some to believe that AI is on the verge of surpassing human intelligence altogether. This claim, however, rests on a narrow definition of intelligence. While AI excels in logic and pattern recognition, it struggles with tasks requiring creativity, emotional intelligence, and understanding nuanced contexts. Humans, for instance, can write compelling stories, compose emotionally resonant music, and navigate complex social situations - areas where AI still falls short.

Furthermore, human intelligence goes beyond simply processing information. We possess consciousness, self-awareness, and the ability to learn and adapt in ways AI currently cannot replicate. A child learning their native language, for example, develops an intuitive understanding of grammar and syntax that AI struggles to emulate. This suggests that human intelligence encompasses a wider range of cognitive abilities than we can currently program into machines.

While the debate continues, it is clear that both human and machine intelligence possess unique strengths and limitations. Rather than viewing them as competitors, a more productive approach would be to explore how AI can complement and enhance human capabilities. By working in tandem, we can unlock new possibilities in various fields, from scientific discovery to artistic expression.

Innovation plays a crucial role in global development, acting as a catalyst for progress in various sectors. [I] It allows communities to come up with novel solutions to long-standing challenges, ranging from poverty and hunger to healthcare and education. [II] For instance, the development of drought-resistant crops has significantly boosted agricultural yields in arid regions, improving food security and livelihoods. [III] These advancements demonstrate the transformative power of innovation in addressing global issues and improving quality of life. [IV]

These technological advancements are not limited to specific fields; their impact extends across various aspects of society. This ripple effect is evident in the rise of telemedicine, which allows healthcare professionals to reach remote communities and provide medical consultations and diagnoses. This expands access to healthcare, particularly for populations with limited physical access to medical facilities. Moreover, innovations in educational technology, such as online learning platforms, have democratized education, making it accessible to a wider audience regardless of geographical location or socioeconomic background.

The development and implementation of these life-changing innovations often require a collaborative effort involving governments, private sectors, and non-governmental organizations. Governments play a crucial role in creating an enabling environment for innovation by investing in research and development, providing funding for startups, and establishing policies that encourage intellectual property protection. The private sector, driven by market forces, plays a key role in commercializing innovative ideas and scaling up production to make them widely accessible. Non-governmental organizations often serve as crucial intermediaries, bridging the gap between research and implementation by working directly with communities to address specific needs and ensure that innovations are culturally relevant and sustainable.

Ultimately, fostering a culture of innovation is essential for achieving sustainable development goals. By encouraging creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills, societies can unlock their full potential and drive progress across all sectors. This requires investments in education, infrastructure, and institutional frameworks that support innovation. Through collaborative efforts and a commitment to finding new solutions, the global community can harness the transformative power of innovation to create a more equitable and prosperous future for all.