Đề ôn thi Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề THPT-150

The Grand Canyon, (18) __________, stands as a testament to the awe-inspiring power of nature. Located in Arizona, this vast chasm stretches 277 miles (446 kilometers) in length and plunges over a mile deep in certain areas. Gazing upon its layered bands of red, orange, and yellow rock formations is like peering through a geological timeline, with some of the oldest rocks dating back nearly two billion years.

The canyon's immense scale and intricate details captivate millions of visitors annually. The South Rim, (19) __________, offers accessible viewpoints and a variety of hiking trails that descend into the canyon's depths. As visitors explore, they encounter a surprisingly diverse ecosystem. Life finds a way to flourish, from the resilient desert plants clinging to the rim to the California condors, (20) __________, soaring effortlessly on the canyon's rising thermals.

(21) __________. Geologists study its exposed rock layers to unravel the Earth's history, while biologists monitor its delicate ecosystem to understand the impacts of climate change and human activity. The canyon's cultural significance is equally profound, as it has been inhabited by Indigenous peoples for centuries and holds deep spiritual meaning for many tribes.

(22) __________. It is a stark reminder of the power of natural forces and the importance of preserving such remarkable places for generations to come.

There are around 7,000 languages spoken across the globe today. However, a significant portion of the world's population communicates using a relatively small number of dominant languages, such as English, Mandarin Chinese, Spanish, Hindi, and Arabic. This raises concerns about the fate of the numerous smaller languages spoken by fewer individuals. UNESCO research suggests that a staggering one-third of all languages are currently endangered, with fewer than 1,000 speakers each. This linguistic diversity is fragile and faces an uncertain future.

The potential consequences of language loss are significant. When a language disappears, it often takes with it a wealth of cultural knowledge, history, and unique perspectives embedded within its vocabulary, grammar, and oral traditions. For instance, the intricate knowledge of the natural world held by indigenous communities is often deeply intertwined with their languages. The loss of such languages could mean losing valuable insights into sustainable practices, traditional medicine, and ecological understanding.

Efforts to revitalize and preserve endangered languages are underway in various parts of the world. In New Zealand, the Maori language has experienced a resurgence through its integration into the education system. Similarly, Wales has implemented language policies aimed at increasing the number of Welsh speakers. These initiatives highlight the growing recognition of the importance of linguistic diversity and cultural preservation.

Technology also offers a glimmer of hope for documenting and, in some cases, revitalizing endangered languages. Online platforms and digital archives are being utilized to create talking dictionaries, language learning apps, and virtual communities where endangered languages can be documented, shared, and learned by both present and future generations. Making these resources easily accessible is crucial for ensuring the survival of these invaluable cultural treasures.

[I] Understanding natural disasters is crucial in today's world, where the frequency and intensity of these events are on the rise. [II] From earthquakes and tsunamis to wildfires and hurricanes, these powerful forces of nature can wreak havoc on communities and ecosystems, causing widespread destruction and displacement. [III] Learning about the science behind these phenomena, such as plate tectonics or atmospheric patterns, allows us to better predict and prepare for their potential impact. [IV]

The impact of natural disasters goes beyond immediate physical damage. The destruction of infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, and communication networks, can severely hamper rescue and relief efforts. This disruption can lead to shortages of essential supplies like food, water, and medical care, exacerbating the suffering of affected populations. Moreover, the economic consequences of natural disasters can be devastating, particularly for developing countries. Rebuilding infrastructure, homes, and businesses requires significant financial resources, often diverting funds from other crucial sectors like education and healthcare.

Preparing for natural disasters is a shared responsibility that involves individuals, communities, and governments. Developing a well-stocked emergency kit is a crucial first step. This kit should include essential items such as water, non-perishable food, first-aid supplies, flashlights, and a battery-powered radio. Families should also create a communication plan, establishing a designated meeting point and contact person in case of separation. Regularly practicing evacuation drills can help families react quickly and efficiently in the event of an emergency.

Beyond individual preparedness, community-level planning plays a vital role in disaster resilience. Local authorities should develop comprehensive disaster management plans, including early warning systems, evacuation routes, and designated shelter locations. Public awareness campaigns can educate communities about potential hazards and appropriate safety measures. By fostering a culture of preparedness and investing in resilient infrastructure, we can significantly reduce the impact of natural disasters and build safer, more sustainable communities for the future.