Đề ôn thi Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề THPT-119

Boston Dynamics, a renowned engineering and robotics design company, has captivated the world with its groundbreaking creations. (18) __________, the company initially focused on developing simulations and training systems for the military. (19) __________.

Their robots, often (20) __________, have pushed the boundaries of what was once considered science fiction. One of their most famous creations, Atlas, is a humanoid robot capable of running, jumping, and even performing backflips. Spot, a four-legged robot resembling a dog, has been deployed in various industries, from construction sites to oil rigs, where it assists with inspections and data collection.

These robots are not merely feats of engineering; they are testaments to the power of innovation and cutting-edge technology. Boston Dynamics' engineers leverage a multidisciplinary approach, combining principles from robotics, computer science, and artificial intelligence. (21) __________ that enable them to perceive their surroundings, make decisions, and navigate complex environments with remarkable dexterity.

(22) __________. Their robots serve as both inspiration and a glimpse into the future, where intelligent machines will play an increasingly integral role in our lives. From assisting in hazardous environments to enhancing productivity across industries, the possibilities seem limitless.

Corruption, a deeply insidious issue, plagues nations across the globe, undermining economic growth, eroding public trust, and hindering social progress. Defined as the abuse of entrusted power for private gain, corruption manifests in various forms, from petty bribery to grand-scale embezzlement of public funds. The World Bank estimates that developing countries lose US$2.6 trillion annually due to corruption, highlighting the staggering scale of this global challenge.

These illicit financial flows deprive nations of crucial resources that could be invested in education, healthcare, infrastructure, and other vital sectors. Moreover, it creates an uneven playing field for businesses, discouraging foreign investment and stifling innovation. For instance, Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index consistently reveals a strong correlation between high corruption levels and low economic growth rates.

The consequences of corruption extend far beyond the economic realm, eroding public trust in institutions, hindering democratic processes, and exacerbating inequality. When citizens perceive their governments and leaders as corrupt, it breeds cynicism, apathy, and a reluctance to participate in civic life. This erosion of trust can have detrimental long-term effects on a nation's social fabric, hindering its ability to address pressing challenges and achieve sustainable development.

Combating corruption requires a multifaceted approach, encompassing strong legal frameworks, independent judiciaries, transparent governance, and active citizen engagement. Crucially, promoting a culture of integrity and accountability within governments, businesses, and civil society is paramount to fostering lasting change. International collaboration, knowledge sharing, and the unwavering commitment of all stakeholders are essential to effectively address this global scourge and pave the way for a more just and prosperous future.

[I] The exploration of the human genome, the complete set of human DNA, has been one of the most ambitious and groundbreaking scientific endeavors in history. [II] The Human Genome Project, an international research effort, officially kicked off in 1990 with the goal of mapping and sequencing all 3 billion base pairs that make up human DNA. [III] This monumental task was completed in 2003, marking a significant milestone in our understanding of human biology. [IV]

The readily available genome sequence provided by the project allowed researchers to identify specific genes associated with various diseases. This breakthrough has paved the way for the development of targeted therapies and personalized medicine, enabling healthcare professionals to tailor treatments based on an individual's genetic makeup. Further research stemming from the project has also shed light on human evolution and migration patterns, providing valuable insights into our shared ancestry and the complex interplay between genetics and environment.

One of the most significant outcomes of the Human Genome Project has been the development of cost-effective DNA sequencing technologies. What was once a time-consuming and expensive process is now significantly faster and more affordable, making genomic information accessible to a wider range of researchers and even the general public. This accessibility has revolutionized fields like forensic science, ancestry research, and agricultural breeding, enabling faster identification of criminals, deeper exploration of family history, and development of more resilient crops.

While the exploration of the human genome has yielded immense benefits, it also raises important ethical considerations. Issues like genetic privacy, the potential for genetic discrimination, and the ethical implications of gene editing technologies require careful consideration and regulation. As our understanding of the human genome continues to evolve, it is crucial to engage in open and informed discussions about the responsible use of this powerful knowledge to ensure a future where genomic advancements benefit all of humanity.