Đề ôn thi Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề THPT-10

(18) __________. Its skyline, (19) __________, is a testament to human ingenuity. This "city of superlatives" boasts the world's tallest building, the Burj Khalifa, which soars to a staggering 2,717 feet. Such audacious feats of engineering are not mere vanity projects; they represent Dubai's relentless pursuit of innovation and its desire to make a mark on the global stage.

Beyond its record-breaking structures, Dubai offers a unique blend of cultural experiences. Traditional souks, (20) __________, stand in stark contrast to the sleek modernity of its shopping malls. Visitors can haggle for souvenirs in bustling marketplaces or indulge in high-end retail therapy at designer boutiques. This intriguing juxtaposition of old and new extends to every facet of Dubai, from its cuisine to its art scene, making it a destination that truly caters to every taste.

The city's allure is further amplified by its strategic location on the Persian Gulf. (21) __________, Dubai has transformed itself into a global business and tourism center. Its world-class infrastructure, including a state-of-the-art airport and a sophisticated public transportation system, ensures seamless connectivity for both leisure and business travelers. Furthermore, Dubai's commitment to safety and security has cemented its reputation as one of the safest cities in the world, attracting millions of visitors annually.

(22) __________. Its architectural wonders, diverse cultural offerings, and strategic location have secured its place as a city of superlatives, captivating the imagination of the world.

Addiction is a complex and often misunderstood phenomenon. It's not simply a matter of willpower or a lack of moral fiber. Instead, addiction is a chronic, relapsing disease that changes the brain's structure and function. This occurs primarily in areas of the brain responsible for reward, motivation, learning, and memory. These changes can lead to the compulsive drug seeking and use that characterize addiction, even in the face of negative consequences.

One of the key brain areas affected by addiction is the mesolimbic dopamine pathway, also known as the reward pathway. When we engage in pleasurable activities, this pathway is activated, releasing dopamine and creating a feeling of pleasure. Drugs of abuse hijack this system, flooding it with dopamine and producing an exaggerated sense of euphoria. Over time, the brain adapts to these surges of dopamine, making it less sensitive to the drug's effects. This means that individuals need to consume more of the drug to achieve the same high, a phenomenon known as tolerance.

Another crucial aspect of addiction is the role of learning and memory. When someone uses drugs repeatedly in a particular context, the brain learns to associate those cues with the drug's effects. For example, if someone regularly uses heroin in a specific location, simply being in that place can trigger cravings and drug-seeking behaviors. This is why environmental cues can be powerful triggers for relapse, even after long periods of abstinence.

Despite the challenges posed by addiction, it's important to remember that recovery is possible. With the right support and treatment, individuals can overcome addiction and live healthy, fulfilling lives. Effective treatment approaches address both the biological and behavioral aspects of addiction, often combining medications to manage cravings and withdrawal symptoms with therapies that help individuals develop coping mechanisms and modify unhealthy thoughts and behaviors.

[I] The legacy of Indigenous cultures is woven into the fabric of societies worldwide, enriching our understanding of history, art, language, and environmental stewardship. [II] Indigenous knowledge systems, passed down through generations, have significantly shaped agricultural practices, medicinal knowledge, and sustainable resource management. [III] For example, the practice of controlled burning employed by Indigenous Australians for millennia has been shown to give rise to healthier and more resilient ecosystems. [IV]

These ancestral lands hold immense cultural and spiritual significance for Indigenous peoples. They represent not merely geographical locations, but a deep connection to history, ancestry, and identity. The forced removal of Indigenous communities from their traditional territories, a tragic chapter in many nations' histories, has resulted in profound social, economic, and psychological consequences. Recognizing and respecting Indigenous land rights is crucial not only for rectifying past injustices but also for ensuring the cultural survival of these communities.

The preservation of Indigenous languages represents a time-sensitive imperative. With hundreds of Indigenous languages facing extinction worldwide, the loss of these languages represents a profound loss of cultural heritage and intellectual diversity. Each language encapsulates a unique worldview, a distinct way of understanding and interacting with the world. Efforts to revitalize and support Indigenous languages through language nests, community-based education programs, and the integration of Indigenous languages into mainstream education systems are vital for ensuring their continued transmission to future generations.

The contributions of Indigenous cultures are often overlooked or marginalized in dominant narratives. However, a growing recognition of the importance of Indigenous knowledge and perspectives is transforming fields from art and literature to science and environmental policy. By acknowledging and celebrating the enduring legacy of Indigenous cultures, we can build a more inclusive, equitable, and sustainable future for all.