Đề Tiếng Anh ôn thi tốt nghiệp THPT năm 2025- Mã đề thi THPT-02

Ban Gioc Waterfall, (18) __________, is a true testament to nature's awe-inspiring power. (19) __________. The cascading water tumbles down multiple tiers of limestone cliffs, creating a mesmerizing spectacle of roaring rapids and misty plumes that can be heard and felt from afar.

The surrounding landscape enhances the waterfall's beauty. Lush, verdant vegetation blankets the karst mountains that rise dramatically from the river valley. The deep turquoise waters below the falls, (20) __________ add another layer of mystique to the area. During the rainy season, from June to September, the waterfall swells to its most impressive size, further amplifying its grandeur.

Beyond its visual appeal, Ban Gioc Waterfall holds significant cultural importance for the local communities. The Tay and Nung ethnic groups, (21) __________ consider the waterfall sacred, believing it to be a place where spirits reside. Traditional festivals and ceremonies are held near the waterfall throughout the year, honoring their connection to the land and their ancestors.

(22) __________, Ban Gioc Waterfall offers a captivating experience. It serves as a reminder of the raw beauty and power of the natural world, leaving a lasting impression on all who are fortunate enough to witness its splendor.

The evolution of the smartphone has been nothing short of remarkable. From bulky, single-purpose devices to sleek, multifaceted companions, these pocket computers have reshaped communication, information access, and daily life itself. The journey began in the 1970s with rudimentary mobile phones capable only of voice calls, often with limited range and exorbitant costs. However, the seeds of innovation were sown, and the stage was set for a technological revolution.

The 1990s witnessed the convergence of mobile phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs), giving birth to the first true smartphones. These early models, such as the IBM Simon Personal Communicator in 1994, combined calling capabilities with features like email, calendars, and touchscreens. While these were groundbreaking advancements, they remained niche products due to limitations in battery life, processing power, and network infrastructure.

The dawn of the new millennium marked a turning point with the arrival of more sophisticated operating systems, notably Symbian and Palm OS. Smartphones became increasingly user-friendly, offering expandable storage, improved displays, and early mobile internet access. However, it was the introduction of Apple's iPhone in 2007 that truly ignited the smartphone revolution. With its intuitive touchscreen interface, app ecosystem, and sleek design, the iPhone redefined consumer expectations and spurred a wave of competition.

This competition led to an explosion of innovative features and capabilities. High-resolution cameras, GPS navigation, mobile gaming, and social media integration became standard fare. The rapid development of mobile networks, particularly 4G and now 5G, further unlocked the potential of smartphones, enabling streaming services, augmented reality applications, and seamless connectivity. Today, smartphones have become indispensable tools for billions, connecting us to the world in unprecedented ways.

The concept of human rights, though seemingly modern, has roots stretching back millennia. [I] Ancient civilizations, while often falling short of modern standards, wrestled with ideas of justice and fairness. [II] The Code of Hammurabi in ancient Mesopotamia, dating back to 1754 BCE, for example, laid down a set of laws and punishments, albeit often harsh, aimed at establishing some form of social order and protecting certain rights, like the right to property. [III] Later, philosophical traditions in ancient Greece and Rome explored ideas of natural law and the inherent dignity of individuals, ideas that would eventually inform later conceptions of human rights. [IV]

The rise of major religions further shaped evolving notions of human dignity. Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam, for instance, all emphasized the inherent worth of every individual. This core belief, while often interpreted and applied differently across cultures and historical periods, contributed significantly to the development of moral frameworks that valued compassion, empathy, and the protection of the vulnerable. These religious and philosophical underpinnings laid the groundwork for more formalized concepts of rights and duties that would emerge centuries later.

The Enlightenment period in Europe marked a turning point in the history of human rights. Thinkers like John Locke articulated the concept of natural rights, arguing that individuals possess inherent rights to life, liberty, and property that governments cannot legitimately infringe upon. These ideas profoundly influenced the American and French Revolutions in the late 18th century, both of which produced foundational documents declaring fundamental human rights. The American Declaration of Independence, with its assertion that "all men are created equal" and endowed with "certain unalienable rights," and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, with its emphasis on liberty, equality, and fraternity, became touchstones for human rights movements around the world.

The horrors of the 20th century, including two World Wars and the Holocaust, underscored the urgent need for a global framework to protect human rights. This led to the formation of the United Nations in 1945 and the subsequent adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. This landmark document, encompassing a broad range of civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights, has become the cornerstone of international human rights law. While the struggle for the full realization of these rights continues globally, the UDHR provides a powerful framework for promoting and protecting human dignity for all people.